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Karete ya dinosaure No. 2006 ho tse 2 027

Zavacephale

Lebitso le bolela: “origin head”1

E jele: DimelaDihlooho tse chitjaKretase ya Pele

Zavacephale was a small, dome-headed dinosaur that lived in what is now Mongolia. It had a thick, rounded skull like a helmet, and it probably used it for head-butting contests. It is one of the oldest and most complete dome-headed dinosaurs ever found.1 2

E phetse

dilemo tse dimilione tse 120 ho isa ho 100 tse fetileng5

Kretase ya Pele

Difosili di fumanwe ho

Khuren Dukh Formation, Dundgobi Province, Mongolia1 5

Bolelele

1 m (3.3 ft)1

Boima

5.85 kg (13 lb)1

Lebelo le phahameng ka ho fetisisa

e ka bang 29 km/h (18 mph)

Ho matha, kakanyo

E phetse neng?

Triasiki

Jurasiki

Kretase

Dilemo tse dimilione tse 252 tse fetileng20114566, asteroiti

E ne e le kgolo hakae?

E ne e le telele hakae?

E ne e le boima hakae?

boima jwaloka dikatse tsa lapeng tse 1.5

telele jwaloka dikatse tsa lapeng tse 2 ho tloha nkong ho isa mohatlengtelele jwaloka dibanana tse 6 di behilwe ka molae batla e le boima jwaloka katse ya lapengboima jwaloka dibanana tse 49e ne e ka matha dimitara tse 100 ka metsotswana e 12 (motho ya lebelo ka ho fetisisa o hloka 9,6)

Zavacephale e ne e le kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ho browser ya hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E ne e le lebelo hakae?

Motho ya tsamayang ka maoto e ka bang 5 km/h (3 mph)

Ngwana a palame baesekele e ka bang 12 km/h (7 mph)

Zavacephale e ka bang 29 km/h (18 mph)

Pere e mathang ka matla e ka bang 65 km/h (40 mph)

Lengau e ka bang 100 km/h (62 mph)

dintho tse monate

Dintlha tse monate

Zavacephale is the oldest known dome-headed dinosaur, living about 119 to 100 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous.1 2

Its skeleton is about 54% complete, making it the most complete pachycephalosaur ever found.1

It is the first pachycephalosaur to preserve hand bones and a mass of gastroliths (stomach stones).1 2

Unlike later dome-heads, Zavacephale's dome was made mostly of the frontal bone, with little help from the parietal bone.1

The tail of Zavacephale was covered in stiff tendons, but they did not form the 'caudal basket' seen in later pachycephalosaurs.1

The dome grew early in life, before the animal reached full size, which suggests it was important for social displays or head-butting even in young animals.2

Setshwantsho sa Zavacephale se entsweng ke AI — Setshwantsho se entsweng ke AI, se bontshang kamoo Zavacephale e ka beng e ne e shebahala kateng, se entswe ke khomphutha ho ya ka seo bo-ramahlale ba se tsebang. Ke ho hakanya feela: phoofolo ya nnete e ka nna ya ba e ne e shebahala ka tsela e nngwe, mme ha ho motho ya tsebang mebala ya yona ya nnete.

o botsitse

Dipotso tse botswang haholo ka Zavacephale

?How big was Zavacephale?

About 1 metre long and weighed around 5.85 kilograms. That is about the size of a large domestic cat.1 3

?What did Zavacephale eat?

It was a plant-eater. It swallowed small stones called gastroliths to help grind up tough plants in its stomach.4 2

?Did Zavacephale have feathers?

The fossils don't show feathers, so scientists aren't sure. No feathers have been found on any pachycephalosaur.1

?Why did Zavacephale have a dome?

It probably used its thick, bony dome for head-butting contests with rivals, like rams do. The dome may also have been used for display to attract mates.4

?When did Zavacephale live?

It lived about 119 to 100 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous Period. That makes it the oldest known dome-headed dinosaur.1

?Where was Zavacephale found?

Its fossil was discovered in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, in the Khuren Dukh Formation.1 3

Mosenyi wa ditshomo

Tshomo: Some people think all dome-headed dinosaurs used their domes for ramming each other like bighorn sheep.

Nnete: Scientists are not sure. Zavacephale's dome was well developed even in a young animal, so it might have been for showing off or fighting, but the exact use is still debated.2

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa didinosaure

Lebitso la saense: Zavacephale
E rehilwe ke: Chinzorig et al. 20255
Sehlopha: Dihlooho tse chitja
Lelapa / leloko: Pachycephalosauria5
Tlhophiso: Ornithischia > Pachycephalosauria5
Dilemo tsa mafika: dilemo tse dimilione tse 120 ho isa ho 100 (Aptian / Albian)5
Dibopeho tsa mafika: Khuren Dukh5
Dinaha: Mongolia5
Direkoto tsa difosili: 1 ho The Paleobiology Database5
Ho sibollwa: The fossil was found in 2019 in the Khuren Dukh Formation of Mongolia, and it was formally named by Tsogtbaatar Chinzorig and colleagues in 2025.1 2
E sa ntse e phehwa kgang: Scientists are still debating how the dome was used, whether for head-butting, display, or something else.2

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

Zavacephale (en.wikipedia.org)
A domed pachycephalosaur from the early Cretaceous of Mongolia | Nature (nature.com)
Best fossil of a dome-headed dinosaur is unearthed in Mongolia | Reuters (reuters.com)
New dome-headed dinosaur species is the most complete pachycephalosaur ever found | Natural History Museum (nhm.ac.uk)
Zavacephale in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): dilemo, dibaka, dibopeho tsa mafika, tlhophiso.

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