恐龍卡第 0782 張，共 2 027 張

Haolong

名字的意思： “spiny dragon”1

吃：植物有喙的草食恐龍白堊紀早期

Haolong was a plant-eating dinosaur that walked on two legs and had a long tail. It had special spikes on its skin that looked a bit like porcupine quills, which might have scared away hungry predators.1 2

生存年代

126 到 121 百萬年前4

白堊紀早期

化石發現地

Yixian Formation, Liaoning Province, China1 2

長度

2.45 m (8 ft)1

最高速度

時速約 41 公里（25 英里）

跑步, 估計值

牠生活在什麼時候？

三疊紀

侏羅紀

白堊紀

2 億 5200 萬年前20114566，小行星撞地球

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 5 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 14 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長能在 8.8 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類要 9.6 秒）

Haolong 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡算算數學。什麼都不會被儲存或傳送出去。

牠有多快？

走路的人 時速約 5 公里 (3 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 時速約 12 公里 (7 mph)

Haolong 時速約 41 公里 (25 mph)

一匹飛奔的馬 時速約 65 公里 (40 mph)

一隻獵豹 時速約 100 公里 (62 mph)

酷東西

趣味知識

Haolong's skin had large overlapping scales on its tail and smaller bumpy scales around its neck and chest.2

The spikes on Haolong were hollow and made of keratin, the same stuff as your fingernails.2

Scientists could see the preserved nuclei of skin cells in Haolong's spikes under a microscope.2

Haolong's spikes were different from the feathers of meat-eating dinosaurs and the spines of modern lizards.1 2

The only known Haolong skeleton is nearly complete and still connected together, which is very rare.1 2

Haolong lived about 125 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous period.4 1

The spikes might have helped Haolong stay cool or feel its surroundings, not just defend itself.1 2

Haolong 的 AI 繪圖 — 這是電腦根據科學家目前的知識，用 AI 畫出 Haolong 可能的樣子。這只是猜測：真正的動物可能長得不一樣，也沒有人知道牠真正的顏色。

你們都在問

關於 Haolong 最常被問的問題

?How big was Haolong?

About 2.45 metres (8 feet) long. That is about the size of a small motorcycle.1

?Did Haolong have feathers?

No. Its skin had scales and hollow spikes made of keratin, not feathers.1 2

?What did Haolong eat?

It was a plant-eater, so it ate leaves and other plants.3

?When did Haolong live?

About 125 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous period.1

?Where was Haolong found?

In Liaoning Province, northeastern China, in the Yixian Formation.1

?Why did Haolong have spikes?

Mostly to scare away predators, like a porcupine. They might also have helped with cooling or sensing touch.1 2

迷思破解王

迷思： Haolong was a spiky dinosaur like a Stegosaurus.

真相： Haolong's spikes were made of keratin and were hollow, not bony plates. They were more like porcupine quills than the plates of Stegosaurus.1 2

給恐龍專家

學名: Haolong
命名者: Huang et al. 20264
類群: 有喙的草食恐龍
科 / 演化支: Hadrosauroidea4
分類: Ornithischia > Ornithopoda > Iguanodontia4
岩石的年代: 126 到 121 百萬年 (Barremian)4
岩層: Yixian4
國家: 中國4
化石紀錄: The Paleobiology Database 收錄 1 筆4
發現: Haolong was named in 2026 by a team of scientists led by J. Huang. The name honors the famous Chinese paleontologist Dong Zhiming.1 4
仍有爭議: Scientists are not sure if adult Haolong also had spikes, because the only known fossil is a juvenile.1