恐龍卡第 0801 張，共 2 027 張

Hesperornis

名字的意思： “western bird”1

吃：魚早期鳥類白堊紀晚期

Hesperornis was a giant swimming bird that lived in the time of dinosaurs. It had teeth in its beak and could not fly, but it was a super diver in the ancient seas.1 2

生存年代

90 到 66 百萬年前5

白堊紀晚期

化石發現地

North America (Kansas, Montana, South Dakota, Alaska, Canada), Russia, and Sweden5 1

長度

1.5 到 1.8 m (4.9 到 5.9 ft)1

體重

10.6 kg (23 lb)1

高度

0.81 m (2.7 ft)

估計值

最高速度

時速約 16 公里（10 英里）

游泳, 估計值

牠生活在什麼時候？

三疊紀

侏羅紀

白堊紀

2 億 5200 萬年前20114566，小行星撞地球

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多高？

估計值

牠有多重？

跟 2.5 隻家貓一樣重

跟 4 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 10 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 88 根香蕉一樣重能在 11 秒內游完一座大泳池（50 公尺）

Hesperornis 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡算算數學。什麼都不會被儲存或傳送出去。

牠有多快？

走路的人 時速約 5 公里 (3 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 時速約 12 公里 (7 mph)

Hesperornis 時速約 16 公里 (10 mph)

一匹飛奔的馬 時速約 65 公里 (40 mph)

一隻獵豹 時速約 100 公里 (62 mph)

酷東西

趣味知識

Hesperornis was one of the first birds to give up flying and become a full-time swimmer.2

Its legs were placed far back on its body, like a loon, making it clumsy on land but a powerful diver.1

Hesperornis had teeth in its beak, which is rare for birds. It used them to catch fish.1 2

The first fossils of Hesperornis were found by famous fossil hunter Othniel Charles Marsh in 1870 in Kansas.1 2

Several species of Hesperornis lived from about 90 to 66 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous.5

Hesperornis fossils have been found in many places, including Canada, the United States, Russia, and Sweden.5

Hesperornis 的 AI 繪圖 — 這是電腦根據科學家目前的知識，用 AI 畫出 Hesperornis 可能的樣子。這只是猜測：真正的動物可能長得不一樣，也沒有人知道牠真正的顏色。

你們都在問

關於 Hesperornis 最常被問的問題

?How big was Hesperornis?

About 1.5 to 2 metres (4.9 to 6.6 ft) long and weighed around 10.6 kilograms (23 lb).1

?Did Hesperornis have teeth?

Yes, it had teeth in its beak, which is rare for birds. The teeth sat in a groove, not in individual sockets.1

?Could Hesperornis fly?

No, it could not fly. Its wings were tiny and useless for flight, and its breastbone lacked a keel for flight muscles.1 3

?What did Hesperornis eat?

It ate fish, which it caught with its tooth-lined beak while diving in the sea.4

?When did Hesperornis live?

It lived during the Late Cretaceous period, about 83.6 to 72 million years ago, and possibly into the early Maastrichtian.1

?Where was Hesperornis found?

Fossils have been found in Kansas, Canada, Russia, Sweden, and other places, mostly in marine rocks.1

?Could Hesperornis walk on land?

It was clumsy on land. Its legs were placed far back, so it probably pushed itself along on its belly like a seal.1

迷思破解王

迷思： Some people think Hesperornis was a dinosaur.

真相： Hesperornis was a bird, not a dinosaur. Birds evolved from dinosaurs, but Hesperornis itself is classified as a bird.1

給恐龍專家

學名: Hesperornis
命名者: Marsh 18725
類群: 早期鳥類
科 / 演化支: Hesperornithidae5
分類: Theropoda > Avialae5
岩石的年代: 90 到 66 百萬年 (Coniacian / Maastrichtian)5
岩層: Pierre Shale, Rybushka, Niobrara5
國家: 加拿大, 美國, 俄羅斯, 瑞典5
化石紀錄: The Paleobiology Database 收錄 65 筆5
又名: Coniornis, Hargeria, Lestornis （舊名稱現在也算作同一種動物）5
發現: Othniel Charles Marsh discovered the first Hesperornis fossil in 1870 near the Smoky Hill River in Kansas. He named it Hesperornis regalis in 1872.1 2
仍有爭議: Scientists are still debating exactly how many species of Hesperornis existed, because many fossils are incomplete.1