恐龍卡第 0882 張，共 2 027 張

Irritator

名字的意思： “the irritator, named for the irritation paleontologists felt when they saw the fossil had been damaged”1

吃：肉棘龍類白堊紀早期

Irritator was a meat-eating dinosaur with a long, narrow snout and a small crest on its head. It lived in what is now Brazil about 110 million years ago. It is one of the smallest spinosaurs known.1

生存年代

120 到 113 百萬年前3

白堊紀早期

化石發現地

Brazil, in the Romualdo Formation of the Araripe Basin1 3

長度

6 到 8 m (20 到 26 ft)1

體重

1 公噸 (2,200 lb)1

高度

2 m (6.6 ft)1

最高速度

時速約 29 公里（18 英里）

跑步, 估計值

牠生活在什麼時候？

三疊紀

侏羅紀

白堊紀

2 億 5200 萬年前20114566，小行星撞地球

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多高？

牠有多重？

跟 50 隻狗一樣重

跟 8 隻狗從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 44 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 200 顆西瓜一樣重跟 53 個幼兒園小朋友一樣重跟 31 個小學生一樣重跟 2 隻北極熊一樣重能在 12 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類要 9.6 秒）

Irritator 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡算算數學。什麼都不會被儲存或傳送出去。

牠有多快？

走路的人 時速約 5 公里 (3 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 時速約 12 公里 (7 mph)

Irritator 時速約 29 公里 (18 mph)

一匹飛奔的馬 時速約 65 公里 (40 mph)

一隻獵豹 時速約 100 公里 (62 mph)

酷東西

趣味知識

Irritator's skull is the most complete skull of any spinosaurid dinosaur ever found.1

Its name comes from the irritation scientists felt because fossil collectors had damaged and altered the skull before it was studied.1

A tooth from Irritator was found stuck in the neck bone of a pterosaur, showing that it ate pterosaurs, either by hunting or scavenging.1

Irritator had a thin crest on top of its head, and strong neck muscles were probably attached there.1

Its nostrils were positioned far back on its snout, not at the tip like in many other dinosaurs.1

Irritator lived in a coastal lagoon environment that was surrounded by dry areas.1

The fossil was originally thought to be from a pterosaur, then a maniraptoran dinosaur, before being identified as a spinosaurid in 1996.1

Irritator 的 AI 繪圖 — 這是電腦根據科學家目前的知識，用 AI 畫出 Irritator 可能的樣子。這只是猜測：真正的動物可能長得不一樣，也沒有人知道牠真正的顏色。

你們都在問

關於 Irritator 最常被問的問題

?How big was Irritator?

About 6 to 8 metres (20 to 26 feet) long and weighed around 1 tonne (1.1 short tons). It was one of the smallest spinosaurids.1

?What did Irritator eat?

It ate fish and other small animals, like today's crocodiles. A tooth was found stuck in a pterosaur neck bone, so it also ate pterosaurs, either by hunting or scavenging.1

?Why is it called Irritator?

Its name comes from the word 'irritation' because scientists were annoyed that fossil collectors had damaged and altered the skull before they could study it.1

?Did Irritator have feathers?

Nobody knows for sure. No fossil feathers have been found with Irritator, and most spinosaurids are not known to have had feathers.1

?Could Irritator swim?

It may have been semiaquatic, meaning it spent time in water. It lived in a coastal lagoon and probably hunted fish, like today's crocodiles.1

?Was Irritator bigger than T. rex?

No, it was much smaller. Irritator was about 6 to 8 metres long, while T. rex could be over 12 metres long.1

?Did Irritator have a sail on its back?

One possible skeleton suggests it had a sail, like other spinosaurids, but since only a skull has been found, the sail is a guess.2

?When did Irritator live?

It lived during the Early Cretaceous Period, about 113 to 110 million years ago.1

迷思破解王

迷思： Some people think Irritator was a fully aquatic dinosaur that only ate fish.

真相： Scientists think Irritator was a generalist eater, catching fish and other small prey, and it may have also scavenged. It probably lived both on land and in water.1

給恐龍專家

學名: Irritator
命名者: Martill et al. 19963
類群: 棘龍類
科 / 演化支: Spinosauridae3
分類: Theropoda > Spinosauridae3
岩石的年代: 120 到 113 百萬年 (Aptian)3
岩層: Romualdo3
國家: 巴西3
化石紀錄: The Paleobiology Database 收錄 1 筆3
發現: The skull was found by fossil dealers in Brazil and sold to a museum in Germany. It was described by Martill and colleagues in 1996, and the species was named Irritator challengeri.1 3
仍有爭議: Scientists are still unsure whether Irritator actively hunted pterosaurs or just ate their remains.1