恐龍卡第 1314 張，共 2 027 張

Ophthalmosaurus

名字的意思： “eye lizard”1

吃：肉魚龍類侏羅紀早期到白堊紀早期嚴格來說不是恐龍

Ophthalmosaurus was a sleek, fast-swimming marine reptile with enormous eyes, almost as big as dinner plates. It lived in the warm seas of the Jurassic period and hunted small fish and squid. Even though it looked like a dolphin, it was actually an ichthyosaur, not a dinosaur.1

趣味小知識：這種海生爬蟲類在海裡游泳的時候，恐龍正在陸地上走路。大家都叫牠們恐龍，但牠們其實是爬蟲類的另一個分支。

生存年代

201 到 133 百萬年前2

侏羅紀早期到白堊紀早期

化石發現地

Fossils found in the United Kingdom, Argentina, the United States, Russia, France, and Greenland, including the Oxford Clay in England and the Sundance Formation in the USA.2 1

長度

4 m (13 ft)1

體重

930 kg 到 950 kg (2,100 到 2,100 lb)1

最高速度

時速約 45 公里（28 英里）

游泳, 估計值

牠生活在什麼時候？

三疊紀

侏羅紀

白堊紀

2 億 5200 萬年前20114566，小行星撞地球

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

跟 48 隻狗一樣重

跟 4 隻狗從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 22 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 190 顆西瓜一樣重跟 50 個幼兒園小朋友一樣重跟 30 個小學生一樣重跟 2 隻北極熊一樣重能在 4 秒內游完一座大泳池（50 公尺）

Ophthalmosaurus 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡算算數學。什麼都不會被儲存或傳送出去。

牠有多快？

走路的人 時速約 5 公里 (3 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 時速約 12 公里 (7 mph)

Ophthalmosaurus 時速約 45 公里 (28 mph)

一匹飛奔的馬 時速約 65 公里 (40 mph)

一隻獵豹 時速約 100 公里 (62 mph)

酷東西

趣味知識

Ophthalmosaurus had eyes that measured about 22 to 23 centimetres (8.7 to 9.1 inches) across, which is bigger than a human head.1

It could dive to depths of 600 metres (2,000 feet) or more, reaching the twilight zone of the ocean, and stay underwater for about 20 minutes.1

Its tail ended in a two-lobed fin, with the lower half supported by the backbone and the upper half made only of soft tissue, helping it swim fast.1

Ophthalmosaurus had short, rounded limbs, with the front ones bigger than the back ones, which it used for steering rather than paddling.1

Fossils show it lived in shallow seas, like the Oxford Clay in England, which was only about 50 metres (160 feet) deep at the time.1

Some scientists think Ophthalmosaurus could swim at about 2 metres per second (6.6 feet per second) when chasing prey.1

Ophthalmosaurus 的 AI 繪圖 — 這是電腦根據科學家目前的知識，用 AI 畫出 Ophthalmosaurus 可能的樣子。這只是猜測：真正的動物可能長得不一樣，也沒有人知道牠真正的顏色。

迷思破解王

迷思： Ophthalmosaurus was a dinosaur that lived in the water.

真相： Ophthalmosaurus was an ichthyosaur, a marine reptile, not a dinosaur. Ichthyosaurs were a different group of reptiles that lived in the oceans.1

給恐龍專家

學名: Ophthalmosaurus
命名者: Seeley 18742
類群: 魚龍類
科 / 演化支: Ophthalmosauridae2
分類: Ichthyosauria > Ichthyosauromorpha2
岩石的年代: 201 到 133 百萬年 (Hettangian / Valanginian)2
岩層: Oxford Clay, Sundance, Vaca Muerta2
國家: 英國, 阿根廷, 美國, 俄羅斯, 法國, 格陵蘭2
化石紀錄: The Paleobiology Database 收錄 27 筆2
又名: Ancanamunia, Yasykovia （舊名稱現在也算作同一種動物）2
發現: Ophthalmosaurus was first described by Harry Seeley in 1874, based on fossils from the Oxford Clay in England. He focused on the shape of the collarbone bones.1 2
仍有爭議: Scientists still debate whether some species, like Ophthalmosaurus natans from North America, are really separate species or just close relatives.1