恐龍卡第 1788 張，共 2 027 張

Thapunngaka

名字的意思： “The name comes from the Australian Aboriginal word 'thapunng' meaning 'spear' and 'aka' meaning 'mouth', so it means 'spear mouth'.”1

吃：魚飛行爬蟲類白堊紀早期嚴格來說不是恐龍

Thapunngaka was a huge flying reptile that soared over the seas of ancient Australia. It had a long, pointed beak with a big crest on its chin, perfect for scooping up fish. It was one of the biggest flying animals of its time!1

趣味小知識：翼龍在恐龍頭上飛來飛去，但牠們是恐龍的親戚，不是恐龍喔。

生存年代

113 到 100 百萬年前4

白堊紀早期

化石發現地

Queensland, Australia1

翼展

5.83 到 9.47 m (19 到 31 ft)2 1

最高速度

時速約 88 公里（55 英里）

飛行, 估計值

牠生活在什麼時候？

三疊紀

侏羅紀

白堊紀

2 億 5200 萬年前20114566，小行星撞地球

牠有多大？

牠的翅膀有多寬？

翅膀跟 2 台汽車排成一排一樣寬能在 4.3 秒內飛越一整座足球場

Thapunngaka 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡算算數學。什麼都不會被儲存或傳送出去。

牠有多快？

走路的人 時速約 5 公里 (3 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 時速約 12 公里 (7 mph)

一匹飛奔的馬 時速約 65 公里 (40 mph)

Thapunngaka 時速約 88 公里 (55 mph)

一隻獵豹 時速約 100 公里 (62 mph)

酷東西

趣味知識

Thapunngaka is the largest pterosaur ever found in Australia, based on the size of its jaw bone.1

It had the biggest chin crest of any pterosaur in its family, which might have been used for show or steering.1

Its name means 'spear mouth' in the language of the local Aboriginal people, because its jaws were shaped like a spear.1

Thapunngaka lived about 106 million years ago, during the Cretaceous Period, when Australia was part of the supercontinent Gondwana.4

Scientists think Thapunngaka was a fast flyer, using its long wings to glide over the ocean and snatch fish with its beak.4

Thapunngaka 的 AI 繪圖 — 這是電腦根據科學家目前的知識，用 AI 畫出 Thapunngaka 可能的樣子。這只是猜測：真正的動物可能長得不一樣，也沒有人知道牠真正的顏色。

你們都在問

關於 Thapunngaka 最常被問的問題

?How big was Thapunngaka?

Its wingspan was probably about 6 to 7 metres (20 to 23 feet), though estimates range from 5.83 to 9.47 metres (19.1 to 31.1 feet).2 3

?What did Thapunngaka eat?

It ate fish. Its long, spear-like jaws were perfect for scooping up large predatory fish from the ancient Eromanga Sea.3

?Is Thapunngaka a dinosaur?

No, it is a pterosaur, a flying reptile that lived during the time of dinosaurs. Pterosaurs were the first back-boned animals to fly.3

?When did Thapunngaka live?

It lived about 106 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous Period (Upper Albian stage).2 1

迷思破解王

迷思： Some people think Thapunngaka was a dinosaur.

真相： It was actually a pterosaur, a flying reptile that is a close cousin of dinosaurs, but not a dinosaur itself.1

給恐龍專家

學名: Thapunngaka
命名者: Richards et al. 20214
類群: 飛行爬蟲類
科 / 演化支: Anhangueridae4
分類: Pterosauria > Pterodactyloidea4
岩石的年代: 113 到 100 百萬年 (Albian)4
岩層: Toolebuc4
國家: 澳洲4
化石紀錄: The Paleobiology Database 收錄 2 筆4
發現: Thapunngaka was named in 2021 by Timothy Richards and colleagues from a fossil jaw found near Richmond, Queensland, Australia. The fossil was discovered in the Toolebuc Formation, which is famous for ancient marine life.1
仍有爭議: Scientists are still debating how big Thapunngaka really was, because only its lower jaw has been found so far. They use the jaw size to estimate its total size, but the exact numbers are not known.1