恐龍卡第 1847 張，共 2 027 張

Tylosaurus

名字的意思： “knob lizard”1

吃：肉滄龍類白堊紀晚期嚴格來說不是恐龍

Tylosaurus was a giant marine lizard that swam in the oceans during the Late Cretaceous. It was not a dinosaur, but a mosasaur, a fierce predator with a long snout and paddle-like flippers. It could grow over 13 meters long, as big as a school bus!1

趣味小知識：這種海生爬蟲類在海裡游泳的時候，恐龍正在陸地上走路。大家都叫牠們恐龍，但牠們其實是爬蟲類的另一個分支。

生存年代

94 到 66 百萬年前3

白堊紀晚期

化石發現地

North America (USA, Canada), Europe (Belgium, France, Germany, Sweden), Africa (Angola), and the Middle East (Jordan)1 3

長度

最多 13 m (43 ft)1

體重

200 kg 到 1.1 公噸 (441 到 2,400 lb)1

最高速度

時速約 38 公里（24 英里）

游泳, 估計值

牠生活在什麼時候？

三疊紀

侏羅紀

白堊紀

2 億 5200 萬年前20114566，小行星撞地球

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

跟 55 隻狗一樣重

跟 3 台汽車排成一排一樣長跟 72 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 220 顆西瓜一樣重跟 58 個幼兒園小朋友一樣重跟 34 個小學生一樣重跟 2.5 隻北極熊一樣重能在 4.7 秒內游完一座大泳池（50 公尺）

Tylosaurus 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡算算數學。什麼都不會被儲存或傳送出去。

牠有多快？

走路的人 時速約 5 公里 (3 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 時速約 12 公里 (7 mph)

Tylosaurus 時速約 38 公里 (24 mph)

一匹飛奔的馬 時速約 65 公里 (40 mph)

一隻獵豹 時速約 100 公里 (62 mph)

酷東西

趣味知識

Tylosaurus had a long, bony snout that stuck out like a prow, which is why one species is named proriger, meaning 'prow-bearing'.1

Fossils show Tylosaurus fought each other, with bite marks on skulls and other bones.1

One Tylosaurus skeleton had the remains of a 2-meter-long mosasaur, a diving bird, a fish, and a shark all in its stomach at once.1

Tylosaurus had an endothermic (warm-blooded) metabolism, unlike most modern lizards and snakes.1

It gave birth to live young, not eggs, based on its close relatives.3

Tylosaurus lived from about 93.9 to 66 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous.3

Tylosaurus 的 AI 繪圖 — 這是電腦根據科學家目前的知識，用 AI 畫出 Tylosaurus 可能的樣子。這只是猜測：真正的動物可能長得不一樣，也沒有人知道牠真正的顏色。

你們都在問

關於 Tylosaurus 最常被問的問題

?Was Tylosaurus a dinosaur?

No, Tylosaurus was not a dinosaur. It was a mosasaur, a giant marine lizard that lived in the oceans during the Late Cretaceous.1

?How big was Tylosaurus?

The largest species, Tylosaurus rex, could grow over 13 metres (43 feet) long, about the length of a school bus.1 2

?What did Tylosaurus eat?

Tylosaurus was an apex predator that ate fish, sea turtles, birds, plesiosaurs, other mosasaurs, sharks, and even giant squid and ammonites.1

?Did Tylosaurus have any predators?

No, Tylosaurus was an apex predator, meaning it had no natural predators. It was one of the largest marine carnivores of its time.1

?Could Tylosaurus swim?

Yes, Tylosaurus was a fully aquatic marine reptile. It had a streamlined body, flippers, and a tail fin for swimming, similar to modern whales.1

?When did Tylosaurus go extinct?

Tylosaurus lived from about 92 to 66 million years ago, going extinct at the end of the Cretaceous period.1

?Did Tylosaurus lay eggs?

No, Tylosaurus likely gave birth to live young, not eggs. This is based on evidence from its close relatives, which have been found with babies inside them.1

?Why did Tylosaurus have a long snout?

The long, bony snout (rostrum) of Tylosaurus may have been used as a ramming weapon or to sense prey. It also gives the animal its name, which means 'knob lizard'.1

迷思破解王

迷思： Tylosaurus was a dinosaur.

真相： Tylosaurus was a mosasaur, a marine reptile more closely related to modern monitor lizards and snakes than to dinosaurs.1

給恐龍專家

學名: Tylosaurus
命名者: Marsh 18723
類群: 滄龍類
科 / 演化支: Mosasauridae3
分類: Mosasauroidea3
岩石的年代: 94 到 66 百萬年 (Turonian / Maastrichtian)3
岩層: Niobrara, Pierre Shale, Tar Heel3
國家: 美國, 瑞典, 加拿大, 安哥拉, 比利時, 德國3
化石紀錄: The Paleobiology Database 收錄 67 筆3
發現: The first species, T. proriger, was described in 1869 by Edward Drinker Cope, and the genus Tylosaurus was named in 1872 by Othniel Charles Marsh. The type specimen was found in Kansas, USA, in the late 1860s.1
仍有爭議: Scientists still debate how many species of Tylosaurus existed and how they are related to each other.1