恐龍卡第 1854 張，共 2 027 張

Ugrunaaluk

名字的意思： “ancient grazer”1

吃：植物鴨嘴龍類白堊紀晚期

Ugrunaaluk was a duck-billed dinosaur that lived in the ancient Arctic, where it was cold and dark for part of the year. It had a long, flat beak and hundreds of teeth for chewing tough plants. This dinosaur is special because it shows that some dinosaurs could survive in polar regions.5 1

生存年代

72 到 66 百萬年前5

白堊紀晚期

化石發現地

Liscomb Quarry, Prince Creek Formation, northern Alaska, USA5 1

長度

9 到 12 m (30 到 39 ft)2 3

體重

4 公噸到 5.6 公噸 (8,800 到 12,300 lb)2 3

高度

3.9 m (13 ft)

估計值

最高速度

時速約 21 公里（13 英里）

跑步, 估計值

牠生活在什麼時候？

三疊紀

侏羅紀

白堊紀

2 億 5200 萬年前20114566，小行星撞地球

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多高？

估計值

牠有多重？

跟 4 台汽車一樣重

跟 2.5 台汽車排成一排一樣長跟 67 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長大約跟一頭大象一樣重跟 1100 顆西瓜一樣重跟 7 整班小學生一樣重跟 12 隻北極熊一樣重能在 17 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類要 9.6 秒）

Ugrunaaluk 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡算算數學。什麼都不會被儲存或傳送出去。

牠有多快？

走路的人 時速約 5 公里 (3 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 時速約 12 公里 (7 mph)

Ugrunaaluk 時速約 21 公里 (13 mph)

一匹飛奔的馬 時速約 65 公里 (40 mph)

一隻獵豹 時速約 100 公里 (62 mph)

酷東西

趣味知識

Ugrunaaluk lived in the Arctic about 69 million years ago, when the climate was much cooler than today, with average temperatures around 5 to 6°C.1

Most of the Ugrunaaluk fossils found are from young animals, not fully grown adults. Scientists think a whole herd of juveniles may have died together in a flood.1

Its name comes from the Iñupiaq language of Alaska. Ugruŋnaq means a grazing animal with grinding teeth, and -aluk means old, so Ugrunaaluk is 'ancient grazer'.1

Ugrunaaluk was a close relative of Edmontosaurus, but scientists found enough differences in its skull bones to give it its own name.1

The Liscomb bonebed where Ugrunaaluk was found has thousands of bones, mostly from this dinosaur, along with a few teeth from tyrannosaurs and other small dinosaurs.1

During the time of Ugrunaaluk, the Arctic had polar woodlands with flowering plants in the understory, and the days were dark for months in winter.1

Ugrunaaluk 的 AI 繪圖 — 這是電腦根據科學家目前的知識，用 AI 畫出 Ugrunaaluk 可能的樣子。這只是猜測：真正的動物可能長得不一樣，也沒有人知道牠真正的顏色。

你們都在問

關於 Ugrunaaluk 最常被問的問題

?How big was Ugrunaaluk?

Ugrunaaluk was about 7.6 to 9.1 meters (25 to 30 feet) long and stood about 1.8 to 2.1 meters (6 to 7 feet) tall at the hip.4

?What did Ugrunaaluk eat?

It was a plant-eater, with a flat beak and hundreds of teeth for chewing tough plants. Its jaw had at least 1,000 teeth with coarse surfaces perfect for pulverizing plants.4

?Did Ugrunaaluk live in the Arctic?

Yes, Ugrunaaluk lived in the ancient Arctic, above the Arctic Circle, about 69 million years ago. It endured cold and dark winters, with average temperatures around 5 to 6°C.4 1

?Was Ugrunaaluk a duck-billed dinosaur?

Yes, Ugrunaaluk belonged to the hadrosaur group of duck-billed dinosaurs. It had a long, flat beak and hundreds of teeth for chewing plants.4

?Why is Ugrunaaluk special?

Ugrunaaluk is special because it shows that some dinosaurs could survive in polar regions. It lived above the Arctic Circle, enduring months of darkness and cold.4

?How many teeth did Ugrunaaluk have?

Ugrunaaluk had at least 1,000 teeth in its jaw, with coarse surfaces perfect for pulverizing plants.4

?When did Ugrunaaluk live?

Ugrunaaluk lived about 69 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous period, in the ancient Arctic.4

?Is Ugrunaaluk related to Edmontosaurus?

Yes, Ugrunaaluk is closely related to Edmontosaurus, but scientists found enough differences in its skull bones to give it its own name.1

?Where was Ugrunaaluk found?

Ugrunaaluk fossils were found in the Liscomb bonebed in the Prince Creek Formation of northern Alaska, along the Colville River.1

迷思破解王

迷思： Ugrunaaluk is just a young Edmontosaurus and not a real separate dinosaur.

真相： Scientists showed that Ugrunaaluk has unique skull features that make it a distinct species, even when accounting for age differences.1

給恐龍專家

學名: Ugrunaaluk
命名者: Mori et al. 20165
類群: 鴨嘴龍類
科 / 演化支: Hadrosauridae5
分類: Ornithischia > Ornithopoda > Iguanodontia > Hadrosauridae5
岩石的年代: 72 到 66 百萬年 (Maastrichtian)5
岩層: Prince Creek5
國家: 美國5
化石紀錄: The Paleobiology Database 收錄 1 筆5
發現: Ugrunaaluk was named in 2016 by Hirotsugu Mori, Patrick Druckenmiller, and Gregory Erickson. The fossils were found in the Liscomb bonebed along the Colville River in northern Alaska.5 1
仍有爭議: Scientists are not sure exactly how big adult Ugrunaaluk grew, because almost all the fossils are from juveniles.1