Pakisaurus

Pakisaurus is a titanosaur, a group of sauropods that had bony plates (osteoderms) embedded in their skin.1

Its tail vertebrae were all procoelous, meaning the front of each bone was hollow like a socket, making the tail flexible and strong.1

Pakisaurus had a large braincase with a D-shaped bump (occipital condyle) where the skull attached to the neck.1

Its teeth were unusual: they were long, slender, and almost the same thickness from base to tip, unlike the cone-shaped teeth of many other titanosaurs.1

Fossils of Pakisaurus have been found in the Vitakri Formation in Pakistan, which is about 72 to 66 million years old, right before the dinosaurs went extinct.12

Scientists think Pakisaurus had long, slender legs, which made it a gracile (lightly built) titanosaur compared to its chunkier relatives.1