Honghesaurus
Honghesaurus was a small, lizard-like marine reptile that swam in the warm Tethys Ocean about 244 million years ago. It had an incredibly long tail, longer than any other pachypleurosaur, which helped it wiggle through the water like a fish.1
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Honghesaurus had 121 vertebrae in total, including 69 in its tail, making it the longest-tailed pachypleurosaur known.1
Its long trunk and tail gave it an advantage in maneuverability and energy efficiency for swimming with side-to-side movements.1
It had a unique feature: two fossae (small pits) in its retroarticular process, a part of the jaw, which is not seen in any other pachypleurosaur.1
Its tail was mostly laterally compressed because it had only five pairs of caudal ribs, helping it move through water efficiently.1
Honghesaurus had 29 dorsal (back) vertebrae, more than most other pachypleurosaurs, which usually have 25 or fewer.1
It lived in a semi-enclosed sea called the Yangtze Sea, part of the eastern Palaeotethys Ocean, during the Middle Triassic.1

Mpo na bayebi ya badino
- Nkombo ya siansi
- Honghesaurus
- Nkombo epesamaki na
- Xu et al. 20222
- Lisanga
- Bareptile ya mbu
- Libota / klade
- Pachypleurosauridae2
- Klasifikasio
- Sauropterygia2
- Mbula ya mabanga
- mbula milio 244 kino 243 ()2
- Milongo ya mabanga
- Guanling2
- Bikolo
- Sina2
- Bafosile oyo ekomami
- 1 na The Paleobiology Database2
- Ntango bamonaki yango
- The fossil was collected in 2021 during autumn fieldwork led by the first author, from the Guanling Formation in Luxi, Yunnan, China. It was named by Xu and colleagues in 2022.12
- Naino bazali kowelana
- Scientists are still debating how Honghesaurus and other pachypleurosaurs are related to each other, and whether they all came from Europe or spread from the east.1
Esika makambo euti
- A long-tailed marine reptile from China provides new insights into the Middle Triassic pachypleurosaur radiation | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
- Honghesaurus in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): mbula, bisika, milongo ya mabanga, klasifikasio.
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