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Ikhadi ledayinaso No. 0801 kwe-2 027

Hesperornis

Igama lithetha: “western bird”1

Yayitya: IintlanziIintaka zokuqalaiCretaceous yamva

Hesperornis was a giant swimming bird that lived in the time of dinosaurs. It had teeth in its beak and could not fly, but it was a super diver in the ancient seas.1 2

Yaphila

90 ukuya ku-66 izigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo5

iCretaceous yamva

Iifosili zifunyenwe:

North America (Kansas, Montana, South Dakota, Alaska, Canada), Russia, and Sweden5 1

Ubude

1.5 ukuya ku-1.8 m (4.9 ukuya ku-5.9 ft)1

Ubunzima

10.6 kg (23 lb)1

Ukuphakama

0.81 m (2.7 ft)

uqikelelo

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-16 km/h (10 mph)

Ukuqubha, uqikelelo

Yaphila nini?

iTriassic

iJurassic

iCretaceous

Izigidi ezingama-252 zeminyaka eyadlulayo20114566, i-asteroyidi

Yayinkulu kangakanani?

Yayinde kangakanani?

Yayiphakame kangakanani?

uqikelelo

Yayinzima kangakanani?

inzima njengeekati zasekhaya ezingama-2.5

inde njengeekati zasekhaya ezingama-4, impumlo ukuya emsileniinde njengeebhanana ezingama-10 zilandelelanainzima njengeebhanana ezingama-88ibinokuqubha ubude bechibi elikhulu lokuqubha (50 m) ngemizuzwana engama-11

Hesperornis wayemkhulu kangakanani xa ethelekiswa NAWE?

Yimathematika nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwe naphi na.

Yayikhawuleza kangakanani?

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3 mph)

Umntwana ekhwele ibhayisikile malunga ne-12 km/h (7 mph)

Hesperornis malunga ne-16 km/h (10 mph)

Ihashe elibaleka ngamandla malunga ne-65 km/h (40 mph)

Ingwenkala malunga ne-100 km/h (62 mph)

izinto ezimnandi

Iinyani ezimnandi

Hesperornis was one of the first birds to give up flying and become a full-time swimmer.2

Its legs were placed far back on its body, like a loon, making it clumsy on land but a powerful diver.1

Hesperornis had teeth in its beak, which is rare for birds. It used them to catch fish.1 2

The first fossils of Hesperornis were found by famous fossil hunter Othniel Charles Marsh in 1870 in Kansas.1 2

Several species of Hesperornis lived from about 90 to 66 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous.5

Hesperornis fossils have been found in many places, including Canada, the United States, Russia, and Sweden.5

Umfanekiso owenziwe yi-AI: Hesperornis — Umfanekiso owenziwe yi-AI obonisa indlela Hesperornis esenokuba wayekhangeleka ngayo, wenziwe yikhompyutha ngokwento eyaziwa zizazinzulu. Kukuqikelela nje: esona silwanyana sinokuba sasikhangeleka ngenye indlela, kwaye akukho mntu waziyo imibala yaso yokwenyani.

ubuzile

Eyona mibuzo ibuzwa kakhulu: Hesperornis

?How big was Hesperornis?

About 1.5 to 2 metres (4.9 to 6.6 ft) long and weighed around 10.6 kilograms (23 lb).1

?Did Hesperornis have teeth?

Yes, it had teeth in its beak, which is rare for birds. The teeth sat in a groove, not in individual sockets.1

?Could Hesperornis fly?

No, it could not fly. Its wings were tiny and useless for flight, and its breastbone lacked a keel for flight muscles.1 3

?What did Hesperornis eat?

It ate fish, which it caught with its tooth-lined beak while diving in the sea.4

?When did Hesperornis live?

It lived during the Late Cretaceous period, about 83.6 to 72 million years ago, and possibly into the early Maastrichtian.1

?Where was Hesperornis found?

Fossils have been found in Kansas, Canada, Russia, Sweden, and other places, mostly in marine rocks.1

?Could Hesperornis walk on land?

It was clumsy on land. Its legs were placed far back, so it probably pushed itself along on its belly like a seal.1

Inyaniso ngeentsomi

Intsomi: Some people think Hesperornis was a dinosaur.

Inyaniso: Hesperornis was a bird, not a dinosaur. Birds evolved from dinosaurs, but Hesperornis itself is classified as a bird.1

Kwiingcali zeedayinaso

Igama lenzululwazi: Hesperornis
Inikwe igama ngu:: Marsh 18725
Iqela: Iintaka zokuqala
Usapho / iclade: Hesperornithidae5
Ukuhlelwa: Theropoda > Avialae5
Ubudala bamatye: 90 ukuya ku-66 izigidi zeminyaka (Coniacian / Maastrichtian)5
Izakhiwo zamatye: Pierre Shale, Rybushka, Niobrara5
Amazwe: iKhanada, iUSA, iRashiya, iSweden5
Iirekhodi zeefosili: 65 kwi-Paleobiology Database5
Ikwaziwa ngokuba: Coniornis, Hargeria, Lestornis (amagama amadala ngoku abalwa njengesilwanyana esinye)5
Ukufunyanwa: Othniel Charles Marsh discovered the first Hesperornis fossil in 1870 near the Smoky Hill River in Kansas. He named it Hesperornis regalis in 1872.1 2
Kusaxoxwa ngayo: Scientists are still debating exactly how many species of Hesperornis existed, because many fossils are incomplete.1

Apho iinyani zivela khona

Hesperornis (en.wikipedia.org)
The Hesperornithiformes: A Review of the Diversity, Distribution, and Ecology of the Earliest Diving Birds (mdpi.com)
Hesperornis - Scholars | Britannica Kids | Encyclopedia (kids.britannica.com)
Hesperornis Facts, Artwork, Information - National Geographic | National Geographic (nationalgeographic.com)
Hesperornis in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): ubudala, iindawo, izakhiwo zamatye, ukuhlelwa.

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