Dino Wiki / Dino nyinaa / Dino a wɔwɔ akyɛm

Dino kad No. 1698 wɔ 2 027 mu

Spicomellus

Din no ase: “spiked collar”1

Ɔdii: NhabanDino a wɔwɔ akyɛmJurasik Mfinimfini

Spicomellus was an armoured dinosaur that walked on four legs and had a bulky body covered in spikes. It lived in Africa during the Middle Jurassic, about 167 to 163 million years ago, and was one of the earliest armoured dinosaurs ever found.1

Ɔtenaa ase

mfeɛ ɔpepem 168 kɔsi 162 a atwam6

Jurasik Mfinimfini

Wɔhunuu fɔsil wɔ

Morocco, in the El Mers III Formation of the Middle Atlas Mountains1 6

Tenten

3 kɔsi 4 m (9.8 kɔsi 13 ft)1

Mu duru

907 kg kɔsi ton 1.814 (2,000 kɔsi 4,000 lb)4

Korɔn

1.2 m (3.9 ft)

nsusuiɛ

Ntɛmntɛm a ɛsen biara

bɛyɛ 17 km/h (11 mph)

Mmirikatuo, nsusuiɛ

Berɛ bɛn na ɛtenaa ase?

Triasik

Jurasik

Kretasias

mfeɛ ɔpepem 252 a atwam20114566, ɔsoro ɛboɔ no

Na ne kɛseɛ yɛ sɛn?

Na ne tenten yɛ sɛn?

Na ne korɔn yɛ sɛn?

nsusuiɛ

Na ne mu yɛ duru sɛn?

ne mu duru te sɛ kaa 1

ne tenten te sɛ nkraman 4 firi hwene kɔsi duane tenten te sɛ kwadu 22 a wɔde abɔ toatoa sone mu duru te sɛ nkraman 91ne mu duru te sɛ watamɛlɔn 360ne mu duru te sɛ nkɔkɔaa sukuu mmofra 95ne mu duru te sɛ sukuu mmofra 57ne mu duru te sɛ polar bea 4anka ɔbɛtumi atu mmirika mita 100 wɔ sikɛn 21 mu (onipa a ɔyɛ ntɛm sen biara hia 9.6)

Spicomellus kɛseɛ yɛ sɛn sɛ wode toto WO ho a?

Akontaa nko ara wɔ wo browser mu. Yɛnkora biribiara so, na yɛmmfa biribiara nkɔ baabiara.

Na ɛyɛ ntɛm sɛn?

Onipa a ɔnante bɛyɛ 5 km/h (3 mph)

Abofra a ɔte sakre so bɛyɛ 12 km/h (7 mph)

Spicomellus bɛyɛ 17 km/h (11 mph)

Ɔpɔnkɔ a ɔretu mmirika bɛyɛ 65 km/h (40 mph)

Kyiita bɛyɛ 100 km/h (62 mph)

nneɛma a ɛyɛ fɛ

Nsɛm a ɛyɛ anigye

Spicomellus is the first and only ankylosaur ever found in Africa, and it is also the oldest ankylosaur known to science.1

Unlike most armoured dinosaurs, Spicomellus had spikes that fused directly to its rib bones. No other animal, living or extinct, has this feature.1 3

Its spikes were probably covered in keratin, the same substance that makes up your hair and fingernails, which would have made them even longer.1

Spicomellus had a bony 'handle' in its tail, a feature only seen in ankylosaurs that had a tail weapon. This suggests it had a spiked tail club, even though the weapon itself hasn't been found yet.1 2

Scientists used to think that tail weapons in ankylosaurs evolved only in the Cretaceous Period, but Spicomellus lived much earlier, in the Middle Jurassic. This shows that these features are older than expected.1 2

Spicomellus had a bony collar with metre-long spikes, which is why its name means 'spiked collar'.1

The spikes on its body may have been used for defence, but scientists think they were also used for display, to attract mates or compete with rivals.1 2

Yei yɛ Spicomellus mfonini a AI yɛeɛ, sɛdeɛ ebia na ɔteɛ. Kɔmputa na ɛyɛeɛ firi deɛ nyansahufoɔ nim mu. Ɛyɛ nsusuiɛ: ebia na aboa ankasa no nte saa, na obiara nnim ne kɔla ankasa.

wobisaeɛ

Nsɛm a wɔbisa bebree fa Spicomellus ho

?How big was Spicomellus?

About 4 metres (13 feet) long, which is around the size of a small car.1

?What did Spicomellus eat?

It was an herbivore, meaning it ate plants.1

?Did Spicomellus have a tail club?

Scientists think so. It had a bony 'handle' in its tail that is only seen in ankylosaurs with a tail weapon, but the weapon itself has not been found yet.1 5

?Where did Spicomellus live?

It lived in what is now Morocco, Africa. Back then, the area was a wetland with lots of plants to eat.1

?When did Spicomellus live?

It lived during the Middle Jurassic Period, about 167 to 163 million years ago.1

?Was Spicomellus a dinosaur?

Yes, it was an armoured dinosaur called an ankylosaur.1

?How fast could Spicomellus run?

Nobody knows for sure. It walked on four legs and had a bulky body, so it probably moved slowly.1

Atosɛm sɛefoɔ

Atosɛm: Some people think Spicomellus was a slow, simple plant-eater with no special tricks.

Nokorɛ: Actually, Spicomellus had unique armour and a possible tail weapon, and its spikes may have been used for showing off as well as protection.1 2

Ma dino ho animdefoɔ

Nyansahu din: Spicomellus
Obi a ɔtoo din: Maidment et al. 20216
Kuo: Dino a wɔwɔ akyɛm
Abusua / kuo kɛseɛ: Ankylosauria6
Nkyekyɛmu: Ornithischia > Ankylosauria > Thyreophora6
Abotan no mfeɛ: mfeɛ ɔpepem 168 kɔsi 162 (Bathonian / Callovian)6
Abotan nhyehyɛeɛ: El Mers III6
Aman: Moroko6
Fɔsil nkyerɛwee: 1 wɔ The Paleobiology Database mu6
Nhunumu: Spicomellus was named by Maidment and colleagues in 2021, based on a partial skeleton from Morocco. The first fossil was a rib with spikes, and later more bones were found, including a bony collar.1 3
Wɔda so gye ho akyinnye: Scientists are still debating exactly how Spicomellus is related to other ankylosaurs, and whether its tail weapon was a club or just spikes.2

Baabi a nsɛm no firi

Spicomellus | Natural History Museum (nhm.ac.uk)
Extreme armour in the world’s oldest ankylosaur | Nature (nature.com)
Bizarre dermal armour suggests the first African ankylosaur | Nature Ecology & Evolution (nature.com)
'Jaw-droppingly weird' dinosaur from Morocco was studded with spikes | Reuters (reuters.com)
Spicomellus (en.wikipedia.org)
Spicomellus in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): mfeɛ, mmeaeɛ, abotan nhyehyɛeɛ, nkyekyɛmu.

Asɛm biara a ɛwɔ krataafa yi so wɔ nɔma a ɛkyerɛ baabi a ɛfiri. Sɛ yɛfom biribi a, kafra, yɛyɛ dino dɔfoɔ, yɛnyɛ nyansahu nsɛmma krataa. Ka kyerɛ yɛn wɔ [email protected] na yɛbɛsiesie.

Ɔkɔm de Rex! Dino Wiki yɛ agya bi adwuma a ɔyɛɛ maa ne babarima a ɔdɔ dino. Ɛyɛ kwa, dawurubɔ biara nni mu, akyidifoɔ biara nni mu. Mpanimfoɔ bɛtumi ama Rex aduane kakra, na aboa ama Dino Wiki atena intanɛt so.Ma Rex aduane