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Kileskus

Say it: ki-LES-kus
Name means: “lizard in the Khakas language”1
Ate: MeatTyrannosaursMiddle Jurassic

Kileskus was an early cousin of the famous Tyrannosaurus rex. It lived about 166 million years ago, long before T. rex existed, and was much smaller. It was a meat-eater that walked on two legs.1

Lived
168 to 165 million years ago5
Middle Jurassic
Fossils found in
Berezovsk Quarry, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia51
Food
Meat51
Length
5.2 m3
estimate
Weight
700 kg3
estimate
Height
1.85 m3
at the hips, estimate

When did it live?

Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
252 million years ago20114566, the asteroid

How big was it?

How long was it?

Kileskus about 5.2 m longA bicycle about 1.8 mA car about 4.5 mAn elephant, the biggest land animal today about 6.5 mA house about 10 m

How tall was it?

A dogabout 0.6 mKileskusabout 1.85 m tallπŸšͺA doorabout 2 mA house with 2 floorsabout 7 m

at the hips, estimate

How heavy was it?

as heavy as 23 big dogs
as long as 5 dogs nose to tailas long as 29 bananas end to endas heavy as 140 watermelonsabout as tall as a door

How big was Kileskus compared to YOU?

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cool stuff

Fun facts

1

Kileskus is one of the oldest known tyrannosauroids, the group that includes Tyrannosaurus rex. It lived about 100 million years before T. rex.1

2

Scientists found only a few bones of Kileskus: part of the upper jaw, a skull bone, and some hand and foot bones.1

3

Kileskus had a long skull that looked similar to another early tyrannosaur called Proceratosaurus from England.12

4

Its nostrils were tilted backward at a 40-degree angle, which is a clue that helps scientists know it was a proceratosaurid.1

5

The name Kileskus means 'lizard' in the Khakas language, spoken by people in Siberia where the fossils were found.1

AI-madeAI-made picture of Kileskus
An AI-made picture of how Kileskus might have looked, made by a computer from what scientists know. It is a guess: the real animal may have looked different, and nobody knows its true colours.
you asked

Most asked questions about Kileskus

?How big was Kileskus?

Nobody knows for sure, but it was small. Its upper jaw bone was just under 30 cm long, while the same bone in adult Tyrannosaurus rex was 60 cm long or longer, so Kileskus was much smaller than its later relatives.4

?When did Kileskus live?

Kileskus lived about 166 million years ago, during the Middle Jurassic period. That is about 100 million years before Tyrannosaurus rex appeared.14

?What did Kileskus eat?

Kileskus was a meat-eater. It was a theropod dinosaur, and its teeth and jaws show it hunted or scavenged other animals.1

?Did Kileskus have feathers?

Scientists do not know for sure, but it was an early tyrannosauroid, and many early tyrannosaurs were small and fuzzy. No feather fossils of Kileskus have been found, but it might have had some.4

?Was Kileskus a dinosaur?

Yes, Kileskus was a dinosaur. It was a theropod, a group of two-legged, mostly meat-eating dinosaurs that includes Tyrannosaurus rex.1

?Why is Kileskus important?

Kileskus is one of the oldest known tyrannosauroids, the group that includes T. rex. It helps scientists understand how tyrannosaurs first evolved, because it lived 100 million years before T. rex.1

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For dino experts

Scientific name
Kileskus
Named by
Averianov et al. 20105
Group
Tyrannosaurs
Family / clade
Proceratosauridae5
Classification
Theropoda > Tyrannosauroidea5
Age of the rocks
168 to 165 million years (Bathonian)5
Rock formations
Itat5
Countries
Russia5
Fossil records
2 in the Paleobiology Database5
Discovery
Kileskus was named in 2010 by paleontologists Alexander Averianov, Sergei Krasnolutskii, and Stepan Ivantsov. They found the fossils in the Itat Formation of Siberia, Russia.12
Still debated
Scientists are not sure if Kileskus had a small crest on its nose, because the crest bones have not been found yet.1

Where the facts come from

  1. Kileskus (en.wikipedia.org)
  2. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS | A new basal coelurosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Middle Jurassic of Siberia (zin.ru)
  3. КилСск β€” ВикипСдия (gottod.com)
  4. K is for Kileskus | National Geographic (nationalgeographic.com)
  5. Kileskus in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): age, places, rock formations, classification.

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