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Karete ya dinosaure No. 1699 ho tse 2 027

Spinophorosaurus

Lebitso le bolela: “spine-bearing lizard”1

E jele: DimelaMelala e meleleleJurasiki ya Bohareng

Spinophorosaurus was a long-necked plant eater that lived in what is now Niger, Africa, about 170 to 165 million years ago. It was one of the most completely known early sauropods, and scientists even made a 3D printed copy of its skeleton!1 2

E phetse

dilemo tse dimilione tse 171 ho isa ho 165 tse fetileng4

Jurasiki ya Bohareng

Difosili di fumanwe ho

Niger, in the Irhazer Shale (Irhazer II Formation), near Agadez1 2

Bolelele

13 ho isa ho 14 m (43 ho isa ho 46 ft)1

Boima

ditone tse 7 (15,400 lb)1

Bophahamo

4 m (13 ft)1

Lebelo le phahameng ka ho fetisisa

e ka bang 17 km/h (11 mph)

Ho matha, kakanyo

E phetse neng?

Triasiki

Jurasiki

Kretase

Dilemo tse dimilione tse 252 tse fetileng20114566, asteroiti

E ne e le kgolo hakae?

E ne e le telele hakae?

E ne e phahame hakae?

E ne e le boima hakae?

boima jwaloka dikoloi tse 5

telele jwaloka dikoloi tse 3 tse pakilweng ka molatelele jwaloka dibanana tse 78 di behilwe ka molae batla e le boima jwaloka tlouboima jwaloka mahapu a 1400boima jwaloka ditlelase tse feletseng tse 9 tsa bana ba sekoloboima jwaloka dibere tse tshweu tse 16e ne e ka matha dimitara tse 100 ka metsotswana e 21 (motho ya lebelo ka ho fetisisa o hloka 9,6)

Spinophorosaurus e ne e le kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ho browser ya hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E ne e le lebelo hakae?

Motho ya tsamayang ka maoto e ka bang 5 km/h (3 mph)

Ngwana a palame baesekele e ka bang 12 km/h (7 mph)

Spinophorosaurus e ka bang 17 km/h (11 mph)

Pere e mathang ka matla e ka bang 65 km/h (40 mph)

Lengau e ka bang 100 km/h (62 mph)

dintho tse monate

Dintlha tse monate

Spinophorosaurus was the first sauropod to have its skeleton 3D printed, so scientists could study it without damaging the real bones.1

Its neck had 13 vertebrae and is one of the most completely known among sauropods.1

The back vertebrae had tiny air filled chambers inside, a feature usually seen in later, more advanced sauropods.1

The tail had strong muscles and a stiff rear part because of long overlapping chevron bones.1

Bones first thought to be spiky armor on the tail were later suggested to be clavicles, or collarbones.1

Its inner ear features suggest that vision and coordinated eye, head, and neck movements were important to it.1

Scientists used 3D models to test how it moved, and one study suggests it may have been a high browser, eating from tall plants.1

Setshwantsho sa Spinophorosaurus se entsweng ke AI — Setshwantsho se entsweng ke AI, se bontshang kamoo Spinophorosaurus e ka beng e ne e shebahala kateng, se entswe ke khomphutha ho ya ka seo bo-ramahlale ba se tsebang. Ke ho hakanya feela: phoofolo ya nnete e ka nna ya ba e ne e shebahala ka tsela e nngwe, mme ha ho motho ya tsebang mebala ya yona ya nnete.

o botsitse

Dipotso tse botswang haholo ka Spinophorosaurus

?How big was Spinophorosaurus?

About 13 to 14 metres (43 to 46 feet) long, 4 metres (13 feet) tall at the shoulder, and weighed around 7 metric tons (7.7 short tons).1

?What did Spinophorosaurus eat?

It was a plant eater. Its spoon-shaped teeth with large denticles helped it eat tough plants, and it may have been a high browser, eating from tall trees like a giraffe.1 3

?Did Spinophorosaurus have spikes on its tail?

Scientists first thought it had spiky armor on its tail, but later studies suggest those bones were actually clavicles (collarbones), not tail spikes.1

?Where was Spinophorosaurus found?

It was found in Niger, Africa, in rocks called the Irhazer Shale that are about 170 to 165 million years old.1

?How fast could Spinophorosaurus run?

Nobody knows for sure, but as a large, heavy sauropod it probably moved slowly, maybe as fast as a walking person. No source gives a speed.1

?Is Spinophorosaurus a dinosaur?

Yes, it is a dinosaur. It is a sauropod, a type of long-necked plant-eating dinosaur.1

Mosenyi wa ditshomo

Tshomo: Some people think Spinophorosaurus had spiky armor on its tail, like a thagomizer.

Nnete: Scientists first thought the spiky bones were armor, but later they suggested these bones were actually clavicles, not spikes.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa didinosaure

Lebitso la saense: Spinophorosaurus
E rehilwe ke: Remes et al. 20094
Sehlopha: Melala e melelele
Lelapa / leloko: Gravisauria4
Tlhophiso: Sauropodomorpha > Sauropoda4
Dilemo tsa mafika: dilemo tse dimilione tse 171 ho isa ho 165 (Bajocian / Bathonian)4
Dibopeho tsa mafika: Irhazer II4
Dinaha: Niger4
Direkoto tsa difosili: 1 ho The Paleobiology Database4
Ho sibollwa: The first two skeletons were dug up in the 2000s by German and Spanish teams in Niger, under difficult conditions. They were named Spinophorosaurus nigerensis by Remes and colleagues in 2009.1 2
E sa ntse e phehwa kgang: Scientists still debate whether Spinophorosaurus was a very basal sauropod or belonged to a more advanced group called Eusauropoda.1

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

Spinophorosaurus - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
PBDB Taxon (paleobiodb.org)
High browsing skeletal adaptations in Spinophorosaurus reveal an evolutionary innovation in sauropod dinosaurs | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
Spinophorosaurus in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): dilemo, dibaka, dibopeho tsa mafika, tlhophiso.

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