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Kartu dino No. 0290 ci 2 027

Borealopelta

Tur bi mooy: “northern shield”1

Lekkoon: GàncaxDino yu am kiiraayKretase bu jëkk

Borealopelta was a heavily armoured dinosaur that looked like a living tank. It had huge spikes on its shoulders and a body covered in bony plates and scales. Scientists even know what colour it was: reddish-brown on top and lighter underneath, like a deer today.1

Dundoon

am na 121 ba 113 milyoŋ at5

Kretase bu jëkk

Fosil yu ñu gis ci

Suncor Millennium Mine, Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada5

Guddaay

5,5 m (18 ft)2

Diisaay

1,3 toon (2 900 lb)2

Kawewaay

1 m (3,3 ft)3

Gaawaay bi gën a kawe

lu tollu ci 17 km/h (11 mph)

Daw, jortu

Kañ la dundoon?

Triyaas

Jurasik

Kretase

Am na 252 milyoŋ at20114566, asteroyid bi

Naka la réyoon?

Naka la guddoon?

Naka la kawewoon?

Naka la diisoon?

diis ni 65 xaj

gudd ni 6 xaj, bakkan ba geengudd ni 31 banaana yu ñu topp-toppalediis ni 260 xaaldiis ni 68 xale yu materneldiis ni 41 xale yu lekkooldiis ni 3 uurs yu weexmënoon na daw 100 meetar ci 21 segond (nit ki gën a gaaw dafay soxla 9,6)

Naka la Borealopelta réyoon, bu ñu ko méngalee ak YAW?

Ay kalkil rekk ci sa navigatëer. Dara du ñu denc, dara du ñu yónne fenn.

Naka la gaawoon?

Nit kuy dox lu tollu ci 5 km/h (3 mph)

Xale bu nekk ci welo lu tollu ci 12 km/h (7 mph)

Borealopelta lu tollu ci 17 km/h (11 mph)

Fas buy daw bu gaaw lu tollu ci 65 km/h (40 mph)

Segg bu gaaw lu tollu ci 100 km/h (62 mph)

yëf yu neex

Xibaar yu neex

Borealopelta is one of the best-preserved armoured dinosaurs ever found. Its fossil includes skin, scales, and even the horn sheaths on its spikes.1

This dinosaur had countershading: its back was reddish-brown and its belly was lighter. This helped it hide from predators.1

The largest spikes on its shoulders were probably used for display, not just defence. They were lighter in colour and covered in a thick horn sheath.1

Borealopelta weighed over 1,300 kilograms, as much as a small rhinoceros. Despite its size and armour, it still needed camouflage from big meat-eating dinosaurs.2

It lived about 121 to 113 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous period, in what is now Alberta, Canada.5

The fossil was found in an oil sands mine. It was so well preserved that scientists could study the melanin in its skin to figure out its colour.1

Borealopelta had more than 20 small bony plates on its snout and a large hexagonal plate on its forehead.1

Nataalu Borealopelta bu ñu def ak IA — Nataal bu IA def la, muy wone ni Borealopelta mën a meloon, ordinatëer moo ko def ci li boroom xam-xam yi xam. Jortu kese la: rab bi ci dëgg mën na meloon neneen, te kenn xamul ay kulëëram yu dëgg.

yeen a laaj

Laaj yi ñu gën a laaj ci Borealopelta

?How big was Borealopelta?

About 5.5 metres long and weighed 1.3 metric tons.4

?What did Borealopelta eat?

It ate plants, especially ferns. Its last meal was mostly ferns, and it also swallowed a little bit of charcoal from a wildfire.4

?Did Borealopelta have a tail club?

No, it had a straight tail without a club, unlike some other armoured dinosaurs.4

?Why did Borealopelta have spikes?

The big shoulder spikes were probably used for display to attract mates or scare rivals, but they could also help defend against predators.4 1

?Was Borealopelta camouflaged?

Yes, it had countershading: a reddish-brown back and a lighter belly, which helped it hide from predators.4 1

?When did Borealopelta live?

It lived about 110 to 112 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous period.4

?Where was Borealopelta found?

It was discovered in an oil sands mine near Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada.4

?How well preserved is Borealopelta?

It is one of the best-preserved armoured dinosaurs ever found, with skin, scales, horn sheaths, and even stomach contents still intact.4 1

?Could Borealopelta swim?

It probably could not swim well. Its body was found in ancient sea sediments, so it likely drowned and sank after being washed out to sea.4

?What colour was Borealopelta?

It was reddish-brown on top and lighter underneath, like a deer today. Scientists found melanin in its skin to figure this out.4 1

Ku tas léeb yu dul dëgg

Léeb: Many people think all armoured dinosaurs were slow and clumsy.

Dëgg: Borealopelta was heavily armoured but its legs were built for walking and it could probably move quickly when needed. Its camouflage shows it was an active prey animal.1

Ngir ñi xam dino lool

Turu xam-xam: Borealopelta
Ku ko tudde: Brown et al. 20175
Kurél: Dino yu am kiiraay
Njaboot / klad: Nodosauridae5
Klasifikasiyoŋ: Ornithischia > Ankylosauria > Nodosauridae > Thyreophora5
Màggaayu doj yi: 121 ba 113 milyoŋ at (Aptian)5
Formasiyoŋi doj: Clearwater5
Réew yi: Kanadaa5
Fosil yu ñu gis: 1 ci The Paleobiology Database5
Gisees: Borealopelta was discovered in 2011 at the Suncor Millennium Mine in Alberta, Canada, by miners removing overburden. It was named by Caleb Brown and colleagues in 2017.1 5
Ñu ngi koy werante ba tey: Scientists are not sure exactly how many different kinds of nodosaurids existed, and whether Borealopelta's shoulder spikes were mainly for fighting rivals or scaring predators.1

Fa xibaar yi jóge

An Exceptionally Preserved Three-Dimensional Armored Dinosaur Reveals Insights into Coloration and Cretaceous Predator-Prey Dynamics: Current Biology (cell.com)
An Exceptionally Preserved Three-Dimensional Armored Dinosaur Reveals Insights into Coloration and Cretaceous Predator-Prey Dynamics (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
BOREALOPELTA - DinoChecker dinosaur archive (dinochecker.com)
Borealopelta (en.wikipedia.org)
Borealopelta in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): at, béréb yi, formasiyoŋi doj, klasifikasiyoŋ.

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