Pachycostasaurus
Pachycostasaurus was a pliosaur, a kind of short-necked plesiosaur that lived in the sea. It had very thick, heavy ribs that made its body barrel-shaped, like a fat sausage. This marine reptile was not a fast swimmer, but it used its heavy bones to stay stable underwater.1
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Pachycostasaurus had ribs and belly bones that were so thick they looked like sausages. This condition is called pachyostosis, and it also happens in modern dugongs and manatees.1
Its flippers were small compared to its body, and its neck was short. This made it a slow swimmer, unlike many other pliosaurs.1
The only known fossil of Pachycostasaurus was found by Alan Dawn, an amateur geologist and museum volunteer, in a quarry in Peterborough, England.1
Its head was about 20% of its total body length, which is typical for pliosaurs of its time.1
Pachycostasaurus lived about 165 to 161 million years ago, during the Middle Jurassic period.2
The bones of its backbone had a large canal for the spinal cord, and some parts were not fully hardened, suggesting the animal might not have been fully grown when it died.1

Ku tas léeb yu dul dëgg
Léeb: Pachycostasaurus was a fast, powerful predator like other pliosaurs.
Dëgg: Its heavy ribs, small flippers, and short neck show it was a slow swimmer that probably stayed near the seafloor, hunting soft prey.1
Ngir ñi xam dino lool
- Turu xam-xam
- Pachycostasaurus
- Ku ko tudde
- Cruickshank et al. 19962
- Kurél
- Plesiyosoor yi
- Njaboot / klad
- Pliosauridae2
- Klasifikasiyoŋ
- Plesiosauria > Pliosauridae > Sauropterygia2
- Màggaayu doj yi
- 165 ba 162 milyoŋ at (Callovian)2
- Formasiyoŋi doj
- Oxford Clay2
- Réew yi
- Angalteer2
- Fosil yu ñu gis
- 1 ci The Paleobiology Database2
- Gisees
- The fossil was discovered by amateur geologist Alan Dawn in a quarry near Peterborough, England. Scientists Arthur Cruickshank, David Martill and Leslie Noè described and named it in 1996.1
- Ñu ngi koy werante ba tey
- Scientists are not sure whether Pachycostasaurus lived in freshwater rivers and estuaries and was washed into the sea, or if it lived in the deep ocean and drifted to shallow waters.1
Fa xibaar yi jóge
- Pachycostasaurus (en.wikipedia.org)
- Pachycostasaurus in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): at, béréb yi, formasiyoŋi doj, klasifikasiyoŋ.
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