Kartu dino No. 1699 ci 2 027

Spinophorosaurus

Tur bi mooy: “spine-bearing lizard”1

Lekkoon: GàncaxBaat yu guddJurasik bu diggu

Spinophorosaurus was a long-necked plant eater that lived in what is now Niger, Africa, about 170 to 165 million years ago. It was one of the most completely known early sauropods, and scientists even made a 3D printed copy of its skeleton!1 2

Dundoon

am na 171 ba 165 milyoŋ at4

Jurasik bu diggu

Fosil yu ñu gis ci

Niger, in the Irhazer Shale (Irhazer II Formation), near Agadez1 2

Guddaay

13 ba 14 m (43 ba 46 ft)1

Diisaay

7 toon (15 400 lb)1

Kawewaay

4 m (13 ft)1

Gaawaay bi gën a kawe

lu tollu ci 17 km/h (11 mph)

Daw, jortu

Kañ la dundoon?

Triyaas

Jurasik

Kretase

Am na 252 milyoŋ at20114566, asteroyid bi

Naka la réyoon?

Naka la guddoon?

Naka la kawewoon?

Naka la diisoon?

diis ni 5 oto

gudd ni 3 oto yu ñu taxawal ci benn rëddgudd ni 78 banaana yu ñu topp-toppalelu tollu ci diisaayu ñeydiis ni 1400 xaaldiis ni 9 klaas yu mat yu xale yu lekkooldiis ni 16 uurs yu weexmënoon na daw 100 meetar ci 21 segond (nit ki gën a gaaw dafay soxla 9,6)

Naka la Spinophorosaurus réyoon, bu ñu ko méngalee ak YAW?

Ay kalkil rekk ci sa navigatëer. Dara du ñu denc, dara du ñu yónne fenn.

Naka la gaawoon?

Nit kuy dox lu tollu ci 5 km/h (3 mph)

Xale bu nekk ci welo lu tollu ci 12 km/h (7 mph)

Spinophorosaurus lu tollu ci 17 km/h (11 mph)

Fas buy daw bu gaaw lu tollu ci 65 km/h (40 mph)

Segg bu gaaw lu tollu ci 100 km/h (62 mph)

yëf yu neex

Xibaar yu neex

Spinophorosaurus was the first sauropod to have its skeleton 3D printed, so scientists could study it without damaging the real bones.1

Its neck had 13 vertebrae and is one of the most completely known among sauropods.1

The back vertebrae had tiny air filled chambers inside, a feature usually seen in later, more advanced sauropods.1

The tail had strong muscles and a stiff rear part because of long overlapping chevron bones.1

Bones first thought to be spiky armor on the tail were later suggested to be clavicles, or collarbones.1

Its inner ear features suggest that vision and coordinated eye, head, and neck movements were important to it.1

Scientists used 3D models to test how it moved, and one study suggests it may have been a high browser, eating from tall plants.1

Nataalu Spinophorosaurus bu ñu def ak IA — Nataal bu IA def la, muy wone ni Spinophorosaurus mën a meloon, ordinatëer moo ko def ci li boroom xam-xam yi xam. Jortu kese la: rab bi ci dëgg mën na meloon neneen, te kenn xamul ay kulëëram yu dëgg.

yeen a laaj

Laaj yi ñu gën a laaj ci Spinophorosaurus

?How big was Spinophorosaurus?

About 13 to 14 metres (43 to 46 feet) long, 4 metres (13 feet) tall at the shoulder, and weighed around 7 metric tons (7.7 short tons).1

?What did Spinophorosaurus eat?

It was a plant eater. Its spoon-shaped teeth with large denticles helped it eat tough plants, and it may have been a high browser, eating from tall trees like a giraffe.1 3

?Did Spinophorosaurus have spikes on its tail?

Scientists first thought it had spiky armor on its tail, but later studies suggest those bones were actually clavicles (collarbones), not tail spikes.1

?Where was Spinophorosaurus found?

It was found in Niger, Africa, in rocks called the Irhazer Shale that are about 170 to 165 million years old.1

?How fast could Spinophorosaurus run?

Nobody knows for sure, but as a large, heavy sauropod it probably moved slowly, maybe as fast as a walking person. No source gives a speed.1

?Is Spinophorosaurus a dinosaur?

Yes, it is a dinosaur. It is a sauropod, a type of long-necked plant-eating dinosaur.1

Ku tas léeb yu dul dëgg

Léeb: Some people think Spinophorosaurus had spiky armor on its tail, like a thagomizer.

Dëgg: Scientists first thought the spiky bones were armor, but later they suggested these bones were actually clavicles, not spikes.1

Ngir ñi xam dino lool

Turu xam-xam: Spinophorosaurus
Ku ko tudde: Remes et al. 20094
Kurél: Baat yu gudd
Njaboot / klad: Gravisauria4
Klasifikasiyoŋ: Sauropodomorpha > Sauropoda4
Màggaayu doj yi: 171 ba 165 milyoŋ at (Bajocian / Bathonian)4
Formasiyoŋi doj: Irhazer II4
Réew yi: Niseer4
Fosil yu ñu gis: 1 ci The Paleobiology Database4
Gisees: The first two skeletons were dug up in the 2000s by German and Spanish teams in Niger, under difficult conditions. They were named Spinophorosaurus nigerensis by Remes and colleagues in 2009.1 2
Ñu ngi koy werante ba tey: Scientists still debate whether Spinophorosaurus was a very basal sauropod or belonged to a more advanced group called Eusauropoda.1

Fa xibaar yi jóge

Spinophorosaurus - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
PBDB Taxon (paleobiodb.org)
High browsing skeletal adaptations in Spinophorosaurus reveal an evolutionary innovation in sauropod dinosaurs | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
Spinophorosaurus in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): at, béréb yi, formasiyoŋi doj, klasifikasiyoŋ.

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