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Zalmoxes

Tur bi mooy: “named after Zalmoxis, a god in ancient Dacian mythology”1

Lekkoon: GàncaxDino yu lekk gàncax te am gémmiñu piccKretase bu mujj

Zalmoxes was a small, plant-eating dinosaur that lived on an island called Hateg, in what is now Romania. It walked on two legs, had a beak, and ate tough plants. It was about the size of a small car, but some were even smaller!1

Dundoon

am na 84 ba 66 milyoŋ at4

Kretase bu mujj

Fosil yu ñu gis ci

Fossils found in Romania, in the Hateg Island region, including the Sânpetru, Sebes, and Densuș-Ciula formations.1 4

Guddaay

2 ba 2,9 m (6,6 ba 9,5 ft)1

Diisaay

45 kg (99 lb)1

Kawewaay

0,91 m (3 ft)

jortu

Gaawaay bi gën a kawe

lu tollu ci 44 km/h (27 mph)

Daw, jortu

Kañ la dundoon?

Triyaas

Jurasik

Kretase

Am na 252 milyoŋ at20114566, asteroyid bi

Naka la réyoon?

Naka la guddoon?

Naka la kawewoon?

jortu

Naka la diisoon?

diis ni 2 xaj

gudd ni 3 xaj, bakkan ba geengudd ni 16 banaana yu ñu topp-toppalediis ni 11 muusu kërdiis ni 9 xaaldiis ni 2,5 xale yu materneldiis ni 1,5 xale yu lekkoolmënoon na daw 100 meetar ci 8,2 segond (nit ki gën a gaaw dafay soxla 9,6)

Naka la Zalmoxes réyoon, bu ñu ko méngalee ak YAW?

Ay kalkil rekk ci sa navigatëer. Dara du ñu denc, dara du ñu yónne fenn.

Naka la gaawoon?

Nit kuy dox lu tollu ci 5 km/h (3 mph)

Xale bu nekk ci welo lu tollu ci 12 km/h (7 mph)

Zalmoxes lu tollu ci 44 km/h (27 mph)

Fas buy daw bu gaaw lu tollu ci 65 km/h (40 mph)

Segg bu gaaw lu tollu ci 100 km/h (62 mph)

yëf yu neex

Xibaar yu neex

Zalmoxes had a slow growth rate and a long growth period, which is different from many other dinosaurs.1

It lived on an island, and scientists think it might have been smaller than its relatives because of island dwarfism, though some think it was already small.1

Zalmoxes had a large triangular head and a beak, which helped it eat tough plants.1

Fossils of Zalmoxes have been found in Austria and France too, not just Romania.4

One species of Zalmoxes, called Z. shqiperorum, was later reclassified as a different type of dinosaur, a ceratopsian, not an ornithopod.1

Zalmoxes was one of the most common vertebrates in Transylvania during the latest Cretaceous period.1

Nataalu Zalmoxes bu ñu def ak IA — Nataal bu IA def la, muy wone ni Zalmoxes mën a meloon, ordinatëer moo ko def ci li boroom xam-xam yi xam. Jortu kese la: rab bi ci dëgg mën na meloon neneen, te kenn xamul ay kulëëram yu dëgg.

yeen a laaj

Laaj yi ñu gën a laaj ci Zalmoxes

?How big was Zalmoxes?

Zalmoxes was small, with adults of Z. robustus reaching about 2.5 metres (8.2 feet) long and weighing about 45 kilograms (99 pounds). An unnamed species grew to about 2.9 metres (9.5 feet) long.1

?What did Zalmoxes eat?

Zalmoxes ate tough, fibrous plants like soft shoots, horsetails, angiosperms, pteridophytes, and ferns. It had a beak and could process C3 plants.1

?When did Zalmoxes live?

Zalmoxes lived during the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous, about 70 to 66 million years ago. It was one of the most common vertebrates in Transylvania at that time.1 3

?Where was Zalmoxes found?

Fossils of Zalmoxes have been found in Romania, specifically in the Hateg Basin of Transylvania. Some sources also mention finds in Austria and France, but the main site is Romania.1 3

?Was Zalmoxes a dinosaur?

Yes, Zalmoxes was a dinosaur, specifically a small ornithopod. It is classified as a probable rhabdodontid ornithopod, not a ceratopsian, though one species was later reclassified.1 3

?Why was Zalmoxes small?

Scientists once thought Zalmoxes was small due to island dwarfism, but later studies suggest it was already close to the size of its ancestors. Some related species were larger or smaller due to island effects.1

Ku tas léeb yu dul dëgg

Léeb: Some people think Zalmoxes was a dwarf dinosaur because it lived on an island.

Dëgg: Scientists now think Zalmoxes was already small, and its larger relative Rhabdodon had island gigantism, while a smaller relative Mochlodon had island dwarfism.1

Ngir ñi xam dino lool

Turu xam-xam: Zalmoxes
Ku ko tudde: Weishampel et al. 20034
Kurél: Dino yu lekk gàncax te am gémmiñu picc
Njaboot / klad: Rhabdodontoidea4
Klasifikasiyoŋ: Ornithischia > Ornithopoda > Iguanodontia4
Màggaayu doj yi: 84 ba 66 milyoŋ at (Campanian / Maastrichtian)4
Formasiyoŋi doj: Sebeş, Sînpetru, Densuș-Ciula4
Réew yi: Rumani, Otris, Faraas4
Fosil yu ñu gis: 44 ci The Paleobiology Database4
Ñu ngi koy wooye itam: Onychosaurus (tur yu njëkk yi, léegi ñu ngi leen jàppe ni benn rab rekk)4
Gisees: The first fossils were named Mochlodon robustus by Baron Franz Nopcsa in 1899. In 2003, scientists renamed them Zalmoxes robustus after studying new remains.1 2
Ñu ngi koy werante ba tey: Scientists still debate whether Zalmoxes was a dwarf species or just naturally small, and how it is related to other similar dinosaurs.1

Fa xibaar yi jóge

Zalmoxes (en.wikipedia.org)
Osteology and phylogeny of Zalmoxes (n. g.), an unusual Euornithopod dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of Romania (tandfonline.com)
Zalmoxes | Natural History Museum (nhm.ac.uk)
Zalmoxes in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): at, béréb yi, formasiyoŋi doj, klasifikasiyoŋ.

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