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Umfanekiso wekhathuni: Borealopelta
Ikhadi ledayinaso No. 0290 kwe-2 027

Borealopelta

Igama lithetha: “northern shield”1
Yayitya: IzityaloIidayinaso ezinesikrweqeiCretaceous yokuqala

Borealopelta was a heavily armoured dinosaur that looked like a living tank. It had huge spikes on its shoulders and a body covered in bony plates and scales. Scientists even know what colour it was: reddish-brown on top and lighter underneath, like a deer today.1

Yaphila
121 ukuya ku-113 izigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo5
iCretaceous yokuqala
Iifosili zifunyenwe:
Suncor Millennium Mine, Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada5
Ubude
5.5 m (18 ft)2
Ubunzima
1.3 iitoni (2,900 lb)2
Ukuphakama
1 m (3.3 ft)3
Esona santya siphezulu
malunga ne-17 km/h (11 mph)
Ukubaleka, uqikelelo

Yaphila nini?

iTriassic
iJurassic
iCretaceous
Izigidi ezingama-252 zeminyaka eyadlulayo20114566, i-asteroyidi

Yayinkulu kangakanani?

Yayinde kangakanani?

Borealopelta malunga ne-5.5 m ubude (18 ft)Ibhayisikile yomntu omdala malunga ne-1.8 m (5.9 ft)Imoto malunga ne-4.5 m (15 ft)Indlovu, esona silwanyana sikhulu emhlabeni namhlanje malunga ne-6.5 m (21 ft)

Yayiphakame kangakanani?

Ikati yasekhayamalunga ne-0.3 m (1 ft)Injamalunga ne-0.5 m (1.6 ft)Borealopeltamalunga ne-1 m ukuphakama (3.3 ft)Ihashemalunga ne-1.6 m (5.2 ft)

Yayinzima kangakanani?

inzima njengezinja ezingama-65
inde njengezinja ezingama-6, impumlo ukuya emsileniinde njengeebhanana ezingama-31 zilandelelanainzima njengamavatala angama-260inzima njengabantwana basenkulisa abangama-68inzima njengabantwana besikolo abangama-41inzima njengeebhere ezimhlophe ezingama-3ibinokubaleka iimitha ezili-100 ngemizuzwana engama-21 (oyena mntu ukhawulezayo udinga i-9,6)

Borealopelta wayemkhulu kangakanani xa ethelekiswa NAWE?

Yimathematika nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwe naphi na.

Yayikhawuleza kangakanani?

izinto ezimnandi

Iinyani ezimnandi

1

Borealopelta is one of the best-preserved armoured dinosaurs ever found. Its fossil includes skin, scales, and even the horn sheaths on its spikes.1

2

This dinosaur had countershading: its back was reddish-brown and its belly was lighter. This helped it hide from predators.1

3

The largest spikes on its shoulders were probably used for display, not just defence. They were lighter in colour and covered in a thick horn sheath.1

4

Borealopelta weighed over 1,300 kilograms, as much as a small rhinoceros. Despite its size and armour, it still needed camouflage from big meat-eating dinosaurs.2

5

It lived about 121 to 113 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous period, in what is now Alberta, Canada.5

6

The fossil was found in an oil sands mine. It was so well preserved that scientists could study the melanin in its skin to figure out its colour.1

7

Borealopelta had more than 20 small bony plates on its snout and a large hexagonal plate on its forehead.1

Yenziwe yi-AIUmfanekiso owenziwe yi-AI: Borealopelta
Umfanekiso owenziwe yi-AI obonisa indlela Borealopelta esenokuba wayekhangeleka ngayo, wenziwe yikhompyutha ngokwento eyaziwa zizazinzulu. Kukuqikelela nje: esona silwanyana sinokuba sasikhangeleka ngenye indlela, kwaye akukho mntu waziyo imibala yaso yokwenyani.
ubuzile

Eyona mibuzo ibuzwa kakhulu: Borealopelta

?How big was Borealopelta?

About 5.5 metres long and weighed 1.3 metric tons.4

?What did Borealopelta eat?

It ate plants, especially ferns. Its last meal was mostly ferns, and it also swallowed a little bit of charcoal from a wildfire.4

?Did Borealopelta have a tail club?

No, it had a straight tail without a club, unlike some other armoured dinosaurs.4

?Why did Borealopelta have spikes?

The big shoulder spikes were probably used for display to attract mates or scare rivals, but they could also help defend against predators.41

?Was Borealopelta camouflaged?

Yes, it had countershading: a reddish-brown back and a lighter belly, which helped it hide from predators.41

?When did Borealopelta live?

It lived about 110 to 112 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous period.4

?Where was Borealopelta found?

It was discovered in an oil sands mine near Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada.4

?How well preserved is Borealopelta?

It is one of the best-preserved armoured dinosaurs ever found, with skin, scales, horn sheaths, and even stomach contents still intact.41

?Could Borealopelta swim?

It probably could not swim well. Its body was found in ancient sea sediments, so it likely drowned and sank after being washed out to sea.4

?What colour was Borealopelta?

It was reddish-brown on top and lighter underneath, like a deer today. Scientists found melanin in its skin to figure this out.41

Inyaniso ngeentsomi

Intsomi: Many people think all armoured dinosaurs were slow and clumsy.

Inyaniso: Borealopelta was heavily armoured but its legs were built for walking and it could probably move quickly when needed. Its camouflage shows it was an active prey animal.1

Kwiingcali zeedayinaso

Igama lenzululwazi
Borealopelta
Inikwe igama ngu:
Brown et al. 20175
Iqela
Iidayinaso ezinesikrweqe
Usapho / iclade
Nodosauridae5
Ukuhlelwa
Ornithischia > Ankylosauria > Nodosauridae > Thyreophora5
Ubudala bamatye
121 ukuya ku-113 izigidi zeminyaka (Aptian)5
Izakhiwo zamatye
Clearwater5
Amazwe
iKhanada5
Iirekhodi zeefosili
1 kwi-Paleobiology Database5
Ukufunyanwa
Borealopelta was discovered in 2011 at the Suncor Millennium Mine in Alberta, Canada, by miners removing overburden. It was named by Caleb Brown and colleagues in 2017.15
Kusaxoxwa ngayo
Scientists are not sure exactly how many different kinds of nodosaurids existed, and whether Borealopelta's shoulder spikes were mainly for fighting rivals or scaring predators.1

Apho iinyani zivela khona

  1. An Exceptionally Preserved Three-Dimensional Armored Dinosaur Reveals Insights into Coloration and Cretaceous Predator-Prey Dynamics: Current Biology (cell.com)
  2. An Exceptionally Preserved Three-Dimensional Armored Dinosaur Reveals Insights into Coloration and Cretaceous Predator-Prey Dynamics (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  3. BOREALOPELTA - DinoChecker dinosaur archive (dinochecker.com)
  4. Borealopelta (en.wikipedia.org)
  5. Borealopelta in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): ubudala, iindawo, izakhiwo zamatye, ukuhlelwa.

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