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Zavacephale

Hiika maqaa: “origin head”1

Kan nyaate: BiqiltootaMataa-gombisaaKireetaashasii Jalqabaa

Zavacephale was a small, dome-headed dinosaur that lived in what is now Mongolia. It had a thick, rounded skull like a helmet, and it probably used it for head-butting contests. It is one of the oldest and most complete dome-headed dinosaurs ever found.1 2

Kan jiraate

waggaa miliyoona 120 hanga 100 dura5

Kireetaashasii Jalqabaa

Fosiliiwwan kan itti argaman

Khuren Dukh Formation, Dundgobi Province, Mongolia1 5

Dheerina

1 m (3.3 ft)1

Ulfaatina

5.85 kg (13 lb)1

Saffisa ol'aanaa

gara 29 km/sa'a (18 mph)

Fiiguu, tilmaama

Yoom jiraate?

Tiraayaasikii

Juraasikii

Kireetaashasii

waggaa miliyoona 252 dura20114566, asteerooyidii

Hammam guddaa ture?

Hammam dheeraa ture?

Hammam ulfaataa ture?

akka adurree manaa 1.5 ulfaata

akka adurree manaa 2 funyaan hanga eegeetti dheeraaakka muuzii 6 walitti hiriiran dheeraagara ulfaatina adurree manaaakka muuzii 49 ulfaatameetira 100 sekondii 12 keessatti fiiguu danda'a (namni hunda caalaa saffisaan 9.6 barbaada)

SI wajjin yoo wal bira qabamu, Zavacephale hammam guddaa ture?

Herrega qofa barbaadduu kee keessatti. Wanti tokkollee hin olkaa'amu, eessayyuu hin ergamu.

Hammam saffisaa ture?

Nama miilaan deemu gara 5 km/sa'a (3 mph)

Daa'ima saayikilii irra jiru gara 12 km/sa'a (7 mph)

Zavacephale gara 29 km/sa'a (18 mph)

Farda gulufu gara 65 km/sa'a (40 mph)

Cheetaa gara 100 km/sa'a (62 mph)

wantoota bareedoo

Odeeffannoowwan bashannansiisoo

Zavacephale is the oldest known dome-headed dinosaur, living about 119 to 100 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous.1 2

Its skeleton is about 54% complete, making it the most complete pachycephalosaur ever found.1

It is the first pachycephalosaur to preserve hand bones and a mass of gastroliths (stomach stones).1 2

Unlike later dome-heads, Zavacephale's dome was made mostly of the frontal bone, with little help from the parietal bone.1

The tail of Zavacephale was covered in stiff tendons, but they did not form the 'caudal basket' seen in later pachycephalosaurs.1

The dome grew early in life, before the animal reached full size, which suggests it was important for social displays or head-butting even in young animals.2

Fakkii AI'n hojjetame: Zavacephale — Fakkii AI'n hojjetame kan Zavacephale maal fakkaachuu akka danda'u agarsiisu, kompiitaraan beekumsa saayintistootaa irratti hundaa'uun hojjetame. Tilmaama qofa: bineensi dhugaa adda ta'ee mul'achuu danda'a, halluu isaa dhugaa immoo namni beeku hin jiru.

ati gaafatte

Gaaffiiwwan waa'ee Zavacephale baay'ee gaafataman

?How big was Zavacephale?

About 1 metre long and weighed around 5.85 kilograms. That is about the size of a large domestic cat.1 3

?What did Zavacephale eat?

It was a plant-eater. It swallowed small stones called gastroliths to help grind up tough plants in its stomach.4 2

?Did Zavacephale have feathers?

The fossils don't show feathers, so scientists aren't sure. No feathers have been found on any pachycephalosaur.1

?Why did Zavacephale have a dome?

It probably used its thick, bony dome for head-butting contests with rivals, like rams do. The dome may also have been used for display to attract mates.4

?When did Zavacephale live?

It lived about 119 to 100 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous Period. That makes it the oldest known dome-headed dinosaur.1

?Where was Zavacephale found?

Its fossil was discovered in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, in the Khuren Dukh Formation.1 3

Seenaa sobaa diigaa

Seenaa sobaa: Some people think all dome-headed dinosaurs used their domes for ramming each other like bighorn sheep.

Dhugaa: Scientists are not sure. Zavacephale's dome was well developed even in a young animal, so it might have been for showing off or fighting, but the exact use is still debated.2

Ogeeyyii daayinootiif

Maqaa saayinsii: Zavacephale
Kan maqaa baase: Chinzorig et al. 20255
Garee: Mataa-gombisaa
Maatii / kilaadii: Pachycephalosauria5
Ramaddii: Ornithischia > Pachycephalosauria5
Umurii dhagaawwanii: waggaa miliyoona 120 hanga 100 (Aptian / Albian)5
Caasaawwan dhagaa: Khuren Dukh5
Biyyoota: Mongooliyaa5
Galmee fosilii: 1 The Paleobiology Database keessa5
Argannoo: The fossil was found in 2019 in the Khuren Dukh Formation of Mongolia, and it was formally named by Tsogtbaatar Chinzorig and colleagues in 2025.1 2
Ammallee falmisiisaa: Scientists are still debating how the dome was used, whether for head-butting, display, or something else.2

Odeeffannoon eessaa dhufa

Zavacephale (en.wikipedia.org)
A domed pachycephalosaur from the early Cretaceous of Mongolia | Nature (nature.com)
Best fossil of a dome-headed dinosaur is unearthed in Mongolia | Reuters (reuters.com)
New dome-headed dinosaur species is the most complete pachycephalosaur ever found | Natural History Museum (nhm.ac.uk)
Zavacephale in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): umurii, bakkeewwan, caasaawwan dhagaa, ramaddii.

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