Sinornis

Igama lithetha: “Chinese bird”1

Yayitya: InyamaIintaka zokuqalaiCretaceous yokuqala

Sinornis was a tiny bird that lived about 120 million years ago in what is now China. It was about the size of a sparrow and could fly and perch just like modern birds. Its fossils helped scientists understand how birds evolved from dinosaurs.2 1

Yaphila

121 ukuya ku-113 izigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo3

iCretaceous yokuqala

Iifosili zifunyenwe:

Liaoning Province, China (Jiufotang Formation)1 3

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-27 km/h (17 mph)

Ukubhabha, uqikelelo

Yaphila nini?

iTriassic

iJurassic

iCretaceous

Izigidi ezingama-252 zeminyaka eyadlulayo20114566, i-asteroyidi

Yayikhawuleza kangakanani?

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3 mph)

Umntwana ekhwele ibhayisikile malunga ne-12 km/h (7 mph)

Sinornis malunga ne-27 km/h (17 mph)

Ihashe elibaleka ngamandla malunga ne-65 km/h (40 mph)

Ingwenkala malunga ne-100 km/h (62 mph)

izinto ezimnandi

Iinyani ezimnandi

Sinornis had a special wrist bone with a groove that let it bend its wrist sharply, tucking its wings tightly during flight or rest.1

Unlike modern birds, Sinornis had separate finger bones with small claws on its first and second digits.1

Sinornis had a fully opposable hallux (back toe) with a large claw, which helped it perch on branches.1

Its breastbone and shoulder structures were built for strong flight muscles, similar to birds today.1

Sinornis still had some primitive features like a flexible hand, a footed pubis, and stomach ribs (gastralia), which it shared with the early bird Archaeopteryx.2 1

The fossil of Sinornis was discovered by a Chinese farmer before 1992, and scientists Paul Sereno and Rao Chenggang named and described it.1

Umfanekiso owenziwe yi-AI: Sinornis — Umfanekiso owenziwe yi-AI obonisa indlela Sinornis esenokuba wayekhangeleka ngayo, wenziwe yikhompyutha ngokwento eyaziwa zizazinzulu. Kukuqikelela nje: esona silwanyana sinokuba sasikhangeleka ngenye indlela, kwaye akukho mntu waziyo imibala yaso yokwenyani.

ubuzile

Eyona mibuzo ibuzwa kakhulu: Sinornis

?How big was Sinornis?

About the size of a sparrow. Its skeleton was sparrow-sized, so it was a very small bird.1 2

?Could Sinornis fly?

Yes. It had a broad sternum and shoulder structures for strong flight muscles, and a special wrist bone that let it tuck its wings, so it could fly like modern birds.1

?Did Sinornis have teeth?

Yes. Its skull had a short, toothed snout, similar to the early bird Archaeopteryx.1

?When did Sinornis live?

It lived about 120 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous period.1

Kwiingcali zeedayinaso

Igama lenzululwazi: Sinornis
Inikwe igama ngu:: Sereno and Rao 19923
Iqela: Iintaka zokuqala
Usapho / iclade: Enantiornithes3
Ukuhlelwa: Theropoda > Avialae3
Ubudala bamatye: 121 ukuya ku-113 izigidi zeminyaka (Aptian)3
Izakhiwo zamatye: Jiufotang3
Amazwe: iTshayina3
Iirekhodi zeefosili: 1 kwi-Paleobiology Database3
Ukufunyanwa: Sinornis was named by Paul Sereno and Rao Chenggang in 1992. The fossil was found in the Jiufotang Formation in Liaoning, China, and was originally thought to be 135 million years old, but later research showed it is about 120 million years old.1 2
Kusaxoxwa ngayo: Scientists still debate whether another bird from the same area, Cathayornis, is actually the same species as Sinornis or a different one.1

Apho iinyani zivela khona

Sinornis (en.wikipedia.org)
Early Evolution of Avian Flight and Perching: New Evidence from the Lower Cretaceous of China | Science (science.org)
Sinornis in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): ubudala, iindawo, izakhiwo zamatye, ukuhlelwa.

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