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Anguanax

Say it: an-GWAN-ax
Name means: “lord of the Anguana, a water spirit from Italian myths”1
Ate: MeatPlesiosaursMiddle Jurassic to Late JurassicNot technically a dinosaur

Anguanax was a plesiosaur, a marine reptile that lived in the warm Jurassic seas. It was a powerful swimmer and a meat-eater, using its long jaws and sharp teeth to catch fish and other soft-bodied prey.1

Fun fact: this sea reptile swam while dinosaurs walked on land. Everyone calls them dinos, but they were a different branch of reptiles.
Lived
165 to 159 million years ago3
Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic
Fossils found in
Kaberlaba quarry near Asiago, Vicenza Province, northern Italy31
Length
3 to 4 m (9.8 to 13 ft)1
Top speed
about 29 km/h (18 mph)
Swimming, estimate

When did it live?

Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
252 million years ago20114566, the asteroid

How big was it?

How long was it?

Anguanax about 4 m long (13 ft)A bicycle about 1.8 m (5.9 ft)A car about 4.5 m (15 ft)An elephant, the biggest land animal today about 6.5 m (21 ft)
as long as 4 dogs nose to tailas long as 22 bananas end to endcould swim the length of a big swimming pool (50 m) in 6.2 seconds

How big was Anguanax compared to YOU?

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How fast was it?

cool stuff

Fun facts

1

Anguanax is the first articulated skeleton of a plesiosaur ever found in Italy.1

2

Its name comes from the Anguana, a water spirit in Italian folklore that was part fish and part reptile.1

3

Anguanax lived about 160 million years ago, during the Late Jurassic period.1

4

The skeleton was discovered in the 1980s but was not fully studied until 2014 by scientists Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti.1

5

Anguanax had a large skull compared to its body, which helped scientists identify it as a pliosaurid, a type of plesiosaur.1

6

Its eye sockets were moderately expanded and faced sideways, suggesting it hunted in the upper layers of the ocean.1

AI-madeAI-made picture of Anguanax
An AI-made picture of how Anguanax might have looked, made by a computer from what scientists know. It is a guess: the real animal may have looked different, and nobody knows its true colours.

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Scientific name
Anguanax
Named by
Cau and Fanti 20163
Group
Plesiosaurs
Family / clade
Pliosauridae3
Classification
Plesiosauria > Pliosauridae > Sauropterygia3
Age of the rocks
165 to 159 million years (Callovian / Oxfordian)3
Rock formations
Rosso Ammonitico Veronese3
Countries
Italy3
Fossil records
1 in the Paleobiology Database3
Discovery
The skeleton was collected in the 1980s from a quarry in northern Italy, but it was first described and named Anguanax zignoi by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti in 2015. The species name honors Achille de Zigno, who found the first plesiosaur remains in the same area in the 1800s.1
Still debated
Scientists are still debating exactly how Anguanax is related to other plesiosaurs, with some analyses placing it as a basal pliosaurid and others as a sister group to different lineages.2

Where the facts come from

  1. Anguanax (en.wikipedia.org)
  2. High evolutionary rates and the origin of the Rosso Ammonitico Veronese Formation (Middle-Upper Jurassic of Italy) reptiles (cris.unibo.it)
  3. Anguanax in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): age, places, rock formations, classification.

Every fact on this page has a number that points to its source. If we got something wrong, sorry, we are dino fans, not a science journal. Tell us at [email protected] and we will fix it.

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