Dino Wiki / Wonke ama-dino / Izinyoni zakuqala

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Hesperornis

Igama lisho ukuthi: “inyoni yasentshonalanga”1

Udla: IzinhlanziIzinyoni zakuqalaLate Cretaceous

I-Hesperornis yayiyinyoni enkulu ebhukudayo eyayiphila ngesikhathi sama-dinosaur. Yayinamamazinyo emlonyeni wayo futhi yayingakwazi ukundiza, kodwa yayiyisicwibi esinamandla ezilwandle zakudala.1 2

Yaphila

90 kuya ku-66 wezigidi zeminyaka edlule5

Late Cretaceous

Izinsalela ezitholwe e-

ENyakatho Melika (Kansas, Montana, South Dakota, Alaska, Canada), eRussia, naseSweden5 1

Ubude

1.5 kuya ku-1.8 m (4.9 kuya ku-5.9 ft)1

isilinganiso sezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu

Isisindo

10.6 kg (23 lb)1

Ubude

0.81 m (2.7 ft)

isilinganiso

Isivinini esiphezulu

cishe 16 km/h (10 mph)

Ukubhukuda, isilinganiso

I-Hesperornis yayidla ini?

Yayidla izinhlanzi, ezazibamba ngomlomo wayo onamazinyo ngenkathi izicwilisa olwandle.

Yaphila nini?

Triassic

Jurassic

I-Cretaceous

Izigidi ezingama-252 eminyakeni edlule20114566, i-asteroid (isikhathi lapho i-asteroid ishaya)

Yayinkulu kangakanani?

Yayinde kangakanani?

Yayimude kangakanani?

isilinganiso

Yayisinda kangakanani?

isinda njengamakati asekhaya angu-2.5

inde njengamakati asekhaya angu-4 kusukela ekhaleni kuya emsileniinde njengobhanana abangu-10 belandelanaisinda njengobhanana abangu-88ingabhukuda ubude bechibi elikhulu (50 m) ngemizuzwana engu-11

Yayinkulu kangakanani i-Hesperornis uma uqhathaniswa NAWE?

Izibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okugcinwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Yayishesha kangakanani?

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3 mph)

Ingane esebhayisikilini cishe 12 km/h (7 mph)

Hesperornis cishe 16 km/h (10 mph)

Ihhashi eligijimayo cishe 65 km/h (40 mph)

Ingwe cishe 100 km/h (62 mph)

izinto ezinhle

Amaqiniso amnandi

I-Hesperornis yayingenye yezinyoni zokuqala ukuyeka ukundiza futhi yaba yinyoni ebhukudayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.2

Imilenze yayo yayibekwe emuva kakhulu emzimbeni wayo, njengenyoni i-loon, okwenza ukuba ibe nzima ukuhamba emhlabathini kodwa ibe yisicwibi esinamandla.1

I-Hesperornis yayinamazinyo emlonyeni wayo, okuyinto engajwayelekile ezinyonini. Yayiwasebenzisa ukubamba izinhlanzi.1 2

Izinsalela zokuqala ze-Hesperornis zatholakala ngumzingeli wezinsalela odumile u-Othniel Charles Marsh ngonyaka ka-1870 e-Kansas.1 2

Izinhlobo eziningana ze-Hesperornis zaziphila kusukela eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-90 kuya kwezingama-66 edlule, phakathi nenkathi ye-Late Cretaceous.5

Izinsalela ze-Hesperornis zitholakale ezindaweni eziningi, kubalwa i-Canada, i-United States, i-Russia, kanye ne-Sweden.5

Isithombe sika-Hesperornis esenziwe nge-AI sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wayebukeka kanjani, senziwe yikhompyutha ngokusekelwe kulokho okwaziwa ososayensi. Lokhu kuwukuqagela: isilwane sangempela kungenzeka ukuthi sasibukeka ngokuhlukile, futhi akekho owazi imibala yaso yangempela.

ubuzile

Imibuzo ebuzwa kakhulu mayelana no-Hesperornis

?Yayinkulu kangakanani i-Hesperornis?

Cishe imitha elingu-1.5 kuya ku-2 (4.9 kuya ku-6.6 ft) ubude futhi yayinesisindo esicishe sibe ngu-10.6 kg (23 lb).1

?Ingabe i-Hesperornis yayinamazinyo?

Yebo, yayinamazinyo emlonyeni wayo, okuyinto engajwayelekile ezinyonini. Amazinyo ayekumsele, hhayi ezimbotsheni ezihlukene.1

?Ingabe i-Hesperornis yayikwazi ukundiza?

Cha, yayingakwazi ukundiza. Amaphiko ayo ayemancane kakhulu futhi engasizi ngalutho ekundizeni, futhi ithambo layo lesifuba lalingenawo umgogodla wemisipha yokundiza.1 3

?I-Hesperornis yayidla ini?

Yayidla izinhlanzi, ezazibamba ngomlomo wayo onamazinyo ngenkathi izicwilisa olwandle.4

?I-Hesperornis yaphila nini?

Yayiphila phakathi nenkathi ye-Late Cretaceous, eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-83.6 kuya kwezingama-72 edlule, futhi mhlawumbe nasekuqaleni kwe-Maastrichtian.1

?I-Hesperornis yatholakala kuphi?

Izinsalela zitholakale e-Kansas, e-Canada, e-Russia, e-Sweden, nakwezinye izindawo, ikakhulukazi emadwaleni asolwandle.1

?Ingabe i-Hesperornis yayikwazi ukuhamba emhlabathini?

Yayinzima ukuhamba emhlabathini. Imilenze yayo yayibekwe emuva kakhulu, ngakho kungenzeka ukuthi yayizihudula ngesisu njengophawu.1

Umchithi wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi i-Hesperornis yayiyi-dinosaur.

Iqiniso: I-Hesperornis yayiyinyoni, hhayi i-dinosaur. Izinyoni zavela kuma-dinosaur, kodwa i-Hesperornis ngokwayo ihlukaniswa njengenyoni.1

Ochwepheshe bama-dino

Igama lesayensi: Hesperornis
Iqanjwe ngu: Marsh 18725
Iqembu: Izinyoni zakuqala
Umndeni / i-clade: Hesperornithidae5
Ukuhlukaniswa: Theropoda > Avialae5
Inkathi yamadwala: 90 kuya ku-66 wezigidi zeminyaka (Coniacian / Maastrichtian)5
Izakhiwo zamatshe: Pierre Shale, Rybushka, Niobrara5
Amazwe: I-Canada, USA, Russia, Sweden5
Izinsalela ezitholiwe: 65 ku-Paleobiology Database5
Eyaziwa nangokuthi: Coniornis, Hargeria, Lestornis (amagama amadala manje abalwa njengesilwane esisodwa)5
Ukutholakala: U-Othniel Charles Marsh wathola insalela yokuqala ye-Hesperornis ngo-1870 eduze komfula i-Smoky Hill eKansas. Wayibiza nge-Hesperornis regalis ngo-1872.1 2
Kusaphikiswana ngakho: Ososayensi basaphikisana ngokuthi zingaki izinhlobo ze-Hesperornis ezazikhona, ngoba izinsalela eziningi aziphelele.1

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Hesperornis (en.wikipedia.org)
The Hesperornithiformes: A Review of the Diversity, Distribution, and Ecology of the Earliest Diving Birds (mdpi.com)
Hesperornis - Scholars | Britannica Kids | Encyclopedia (kids.britannica.com)
Hesperornis Facts, Artwork, Information - National Geographic | National Geographic (nationalgeographic.com)
Hesperornis in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): iminyaka, izindawo, izakhiwo zamadwala, ukuhlukaniswa.

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