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Ikhadi le-Dino No. 0855 kwangu-2 027

Ichthyornis

Igama lisho ukuthi: “inyoni yezinhlanzi”1

Udla: IzinhlanziIzinyoni zakuqalaLate Cretaceous

I-Ichthyornis kwakuyinyoni yasolwandle eyayiphila ngesikhathi sezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Yayinomlomo ofana nowenyoni yanamuhla kodwa futhi inamazinyo abukhali emihlathini yayo. Yayindiza phezu kolwandle olukhulu olwalumboze maphakathi ne-North America.1 4

Yaphila

100 kuya ku-72 wezigidi zeminyaka edlule4

Late Cretaceous

Izinsalela ezitholwe e-

I-Alberta ne-Saskatchewan e-Canada; i-Alabama, i-California, i-Kansas, i-New Mexico, i-Texas e-USA; kanye ne-Mexico ne-Uzbekistan4 1

Ubude

0.24 m (0.8 ft)1

usayizi ojwayelekile wejuba

Ububanzi bezimpiko

0.43 m (1.4 ft)1

ububanzi bamaphiko amathambo, kungafaki izimpaphe

Ubude

0.2 m (0.7 ft)3

Isivinini esiphezulu

cishe 26 km/h (16 mph)

Ukundiza, isilinganiso

I-Ichthyornis yayidla ini?

Mhlawumbe yayidla izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane ezincane zasolwandle, njengama-gull nama-terns anamuhla. Amazinyo ayo ayeyisiza ukubamba izilwane ezishelelayo.

Yaphila nini?

Triassic

Jurassic

I-Cretaceous

Izigidi ezingama-252 eminyakeni edlule20114566, i-asteroid (isikhathi lapho i-asteroid ishaya)

Yayinkulu kangakanani?

Yayinde kangakanani?

Yayimude kangakanani?

inde njengezitini zokudlala ezi-8 ezilandelanaincane ngokwanele ukuba uhambe ngaphansi kwesihlaloingandiza phezu kwenkundla yebhola yonke ngemizuzwana engu-15

Yayinkulu kangakanani i-Ichthyornis uma uqhathaniswa NAWE?

Izibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okugcinwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Yayishesha kangakanani?

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3 mph)

Ingane esebhayisikilini cishe 12 km/h (7 mph)

Ichthyornis cishe 26 km/h (16 mph)

Ihhashi eligijimayo cishe 65 km/h (40 mph)

Ingwe cishe 100 km/h (62 mph)

izinto ezinhle

Amaqiniso amnandi

I-Ichthyornis yayingenye yezinyoni zokuqala zasendulo ezatholakala zinamamazinyo, kanti u-Charles Darwin wathi ibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuziphendukela kwemvelo.1

Amathambo omhlane wayo ayemise okwezinhlanzi, yingakho yathola igama elithi 'inyoni yezinhlanzi'.1

Umlomo we-Ichthyornis wawenziwe ngamapuleti amaningana ahlukene, njengomlomo we-albatross, hhayi ucezu olulodwa njengezinyoni eziningi zanamuhla.1

I-Ichthyornis yaphila phakathi kweminyaka eyizigidi ezingaba ngu-93 nengama-83.5 edlule, ngenkathi ye-Late Cretaceous.1

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-Ichthyornis yakhula yaba nkulu: amathambo amadala anethambo lephiko elingaba ngu-58 mm ubude, kanti amasha anethambo lephiko elingaba ngu-71.5 mm ubude.1

Amazinyo alo ayegobile emuva futhi efakwe emseleni, efana nalawo ezilwane ezihuquzelayo zasolwandle ezifana nama-mosasaurs.1

I-Ichthyornis ingenye yezihlobo eziseduze kakhulu ezinyoni zanamuhla ezingasekho, okusiza ososayensi ukuba bafunde ukuthi izinyoni zanamuhla zavela kanjani.1

Isithombe sika-Ichthyornis esenziwe nge-AI sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wayebukeka kanjani, senziwe yikhompyutha ngokusekelwe kulokho okwaziwa ososayensi. Lokhu kuwukuqagela: isilwane sangempela kungenzeka ukuthi sasibukeka ngokuhlukile, futhi akekho owazi imibala yaso yangempela.

ubuzile

Imibuzo ebuzwa kakhulu mayelana no-Ichthyornis

?Yayinkulu kangakanani i-Ichthyornis?

Cishe amasentimitha angu-24 (9.4 inches) ubude, inobubanzi bamaphiko obungamasentimitha angu-43 (17 inches). Lokho kulingana nejuba.1

?Ingabe i-Ichthyornis yayinamazinyo?

Yebo, yayinamazinyo abukhali, agobile emuva engxenyeni ephakathi kwemihlathi yayo. Izingxenye eziphambili zemihlathi yayo zazingenawo amazinyo futhi zazimbozwe ngomlomo.1

?Ingabe i-Ichthyornis yayikwazi ukundiza?

Yebo, yayindiza kahle kakhulu. Amaphiko ayo nethambo lesifuba kwakubukeka kwanamuhla kakhulu, kufana nezinyoni ezindiza kahle namuhla.1

?I-Ichthyornis yayidla ini?

Mhlawumbe yayidla izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane ezincane zasolwandle, njengama-gull nama-terns anamuhla. Amazinyo ayo ayeyisiza ukubamba izilwane ezishelelayo.2

?I-Ichthyornis yayiphila nini?

Yayiphila ngesikhathi se-Late Cretaceous Period, kusukela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-93 kuya kwengu-83.5 edlule.1

?I-Ichthyornis yayihlala kuphi?

Yayihlala ogwini lolwandle olukhulu olungaphakathi ezweni olwalumboze maphakathi ne-North America. Izinsalela zayo zitholakale e-Kansas, e-Texas, e-Alberta, nakwezinye izindawo.1

?Ingabe i-Ichthyornis iyidinosaur?

Yebo, izinyoni zavela kuma-dinosaur, ngakho i-Ichthyornis iwuhlobo lwe-dinosaur olubizwa nge-avialan. Kodwa akuyona i-dinosaur engeyona inyoni efana ne-T. rex.1

Buza u-Rex ngo-Ichthyornis

Rex uphendula imibuzo mayelana naleli khasi kuphela. Imibuzo engu-10 ngenyanga.

Rex uyi-AI futhi angenza amaphutha. Usebenza kumaseva ase-EU futhi imibuzo ayilokothi ilondolozwe. Ungalokothi uthayiphe igama lakho noma ezinye izinto zakho.

Umchithi wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: I-Ichthyornis kwesinye isikhathi icatshangwa ukuthi iyisilwane esihuquzelayo esifana ne-T. rex.

Iqiniso: I-Ichthyornis iyinyoni, hhayi isilwane esihuquzelayo esingeyona inyoni. Ingaphansi kweqembu i-Avialae, elihlanganisa izinyoni zanamuhla nezihlobo zazo eziyisishabalala.1

Ochwepheshe bama-dino

Igama lesayensi: Ichthyornis
Iqanjwe ngu: Marsh 18724
Iqembu: Izinyoni zakuqala
Umndeni / i-clade: Ichthyornithes4
Ukuhlukaniswa: Theropoda > Avialae4
Inkathi yamadwala: 100 kuya ku-72 wezigidi zeminyaka (Cenomanian / Campanian)4
Izakhiwo zamatshe: Niobrara, Mooreville Chalk, Belle Fourche4
Amazwe: USA, I-Canada, Uzbekistan, Mexico4
Izinsalela ezitholiwe: 33 ku-Paleobiology Database4
Eyaziwa nangokuthi: Angelinornis, Colonosaurus, Plegadornis (amagama amadala manje abalwa njengesilwane esisodwa)4
Ukutholakala: I-Ichthyornis yaqanjwa ngusosayensi wama-fossil wase-America u-Othniel Charles Marsh ngonyaka ka-1872. Ekuqaleni, u-Marsh wayecabanga ukuthi imihlathi enamazinyo ingeyesilwane sasolwandle, kodwa kamuva ngonyaka ka-1873 wabona ukuthi iyingxenye yenyoni.1 2
Kusaphikiswana ngakho: Ososayensi basaphikisana ngokuthi lolu hlobo kufanele lubizwe ngokuthi i-Ichthyornis dispar noma i-Ichthyornis anceps, ngenxa yemithetho yokuqamba amagama.1

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Ichthyornis (en.wikipedia.org)
Ichthyornis | Cretaceous period, seabird, toothed beak (britannica.com)
A New Specimen of the Late Cretaceous Bird, cf.Ichthyornissp., from the Cenomanian of Central Kansas, with Comments on the Size Distribution ofIchthyornisin North America (exa.ai)
Ichthyornis in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): iminyaka, izindawo, izakhiwo zamadwala, ukuhlukaniswa.

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